Arab fascism

Arab fascism (Arabic: الفاشية العربية) is a far-right ideology combining fascism with Arab nationalism.

History

The ideology emerged shortly after the First World War and grew during the interwar period. Arab fascists were extremely anti-Turkish, as their ideology was concurrent with the Arab independence from the Ottomans.[1] Arab fascism grew with support from Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, and Arab fascists became increasingly antisemitic after the establishment of Israel.[2][3][4][5] Arab fascism first grew in Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Palestine, and Egypt.[6][7][8][9] Some Arab fascists included Islamism in their nationalism, and some were secular.[10][11]

Michel Aflaq had purchased a copy of The Myth of the Twentieth Century, a book about Nazism.[12]

In 1941, Arab fascists in Iraq committed the Farhud, an antisemitic pogrom.[13][14][15][16]

References
  1. International Journal of Middle East Studies 42 (2010), 311-32
  2. Achim Rohde: State-Society Relations in Ba'thist Iraq: Facing Dictatorship, London / New York 2010.
  3. Islamstudien ohne Ende, ed. Rainer Brunner et al. (= Abhandlungen für die Kunde des Morgenlandes 54,1), Würzburg 2002, 517-528.
  4. Gershoni / James P. Jankowski: Confronting Fascism in Egypt: Dictatorship Versus Democracy in the 1930s, Stanford 2010;
  5. Peter Wien: Iraqi Arab Nationalism: Authoritarian, Totalitarian and Pro-Fascist Inclinations, 1932-1941, London / New York 2006.
  6. Jankowski & Gershoni 1995, p. 69.
  7. Rabinovich, The war for Lebanon (1989), p. 80
  8. "Near East: Trouble in Paradise". Time. 21 April 1941.
  9. René Wildangel: Zwischen Achse und Mandatsmacht: Palästina und der Nationalsozialismus, ed. by Zentrum Moderner Orient (= ZMO- Studien 24), Berlin 2007.
  10. Hourani, p. 326
  11. Jankowski 1975, p. 49.
  12. Wild 1985, p. 131.
  13. Bashkin, Orit (20 November 2008). The Other Iraq: Pluralism and Culture in Hashemite Iraq. Stanford University Press. ISBN 9780804774154.
  14. Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East & North Africa: D-K Por Philip Mattar, p. 860
  15. Memories of state: politics, history, and collective identity in modern Iraq by Eric Davis Eric Davis, University of California Press, 2005, P. 14
  16. Davis, Eric (April 2005). "History Matters: Past as Prologue in Building Democracy in Iraq". Orbis. 49 (2): 232. doi:10.1016/j.orbis.2005.01.004.

Bibliography
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