List of mayors of Hamburg

The following is a chronological list of mayors of Hamburg, a city-state in Germany. The mayors are the head of the city-state, part of the government of Hamburg. Since 1861, according to the constitution of 28 September 1860, the state has been governed by the ten-member Senate, which had previously been called the council (in the German language of that time: Rath). It is headed by the First Mayor of Hamburg (German title: Erster Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg) as the President of the Senate. The deputy is the Second Mayor.

First Mayor of Hamburg
Erster Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg (German)
Coat of arms of Hamburg
Incumbent
Peter Tschentscher
since 28 March 2018
TypeLord Mayor
Head of government
Member ofSenate of Hamburg
AppointerHamburg Parliament
Term lengthPending resignation or the election of a successor
Constituting instrumentConstitution of Hamburg
Formation1293
DeputySecond Mayor
Politics of Hamburg
Constitution
Legislature
President of the parliament
Carola Veit
Judiciary
  • Constitutional Court
    Hamburgisches Verfassungsgericht
  • Administrative courts
    Hamburgisches Oberverwaltungsgericht
    Verwaltungsgericht Hamburg
  • Courts of Justice
    Hanseatisches Oberlandesgericht
    Landgericht Hamburg
    8 Amtsgerichte
  • Fiscal Court
    Finanzgericht Hamburg
  • Labor courts
    Landesarbeitsgericht Hamburg
    Arbeitsgericht Hamburg
  • Social court
    Landessozialgericht Hamburg
    Sozialgericht Hamburg
Executive
Peter Tschentscher
Divisions
Elections
Relations

For much of its history, Hamburg was a free imperial city and later a sovereign state; the position of First Mayor historically was equivalent to that of a sovereign head of state. In the 1871–1918 German Empire, the Hamburg First Mayor was equivalent to the federal princes of the 23 German monarchies (4 of whom held the title of King and the others holding titles such as Grand Duke, Duke or Sovereign Prince). Since 1918, the position is equivalent to that of the ministers-president of the (West) German states.

Prior to World War I, the two mayors were elected for one-year terms. Until 1997, the First Mayor was primus inter pares among, and was elected by, the members of the Senate. Since then, the Hamburg Parliament (German: Hamburgische Bürgerschaft) has elected the First Mayor; the First Mayor is able to appoint and dismiss other senators.

1293–1860

The function of burgomaster (mayor) was usually held simultaneously by three persons, serving as an executive college. One of the three being burgomaster in chief for a year, the second being the prior burgomaster in chief, the third being the upcoming one. Therefore, sometimes up to three names are mentioned for one year, since the names of the three appear in deeds, signed with or mentioning their names. The names in the list from 1239 until 1820 were archived in a book by Johann August Meister (1820). This is an incomplete list of burgomasters and uses the spelling in Meister's book, which is preserved in the Hamburg state library. After 1820 the list were added by hand.[1] On 6 August 1806 Hamburg gained sovereignty as an independent country. From 1811 to 1814 Hamburg was part of France in the Bouches-de-l'Elbe.[2]

If another reference is not noted, all mayors are taken from: Domizlaff. Das Hamburger Rathaus.

Name Image In office Note
Hartwicus de Erteneborch1293
Werner de Metzendorp1293
Johann Miles1300
Henricus Longus1300
Johann, filius Oseri1300
Johann de Monte1325
Henricus de Hetfield1325
Nicolaus Fransoisser1341
Nicolaus de Monte1341
Hellingbernus Hetvelt1341
Johann Horborch1343
Thidericus uppen Perde1343
Johann Militis1347
Hinrich Hoop1350
Thidericus uppen Perde1350
Henricus de Monte1356
Henricus Hoyeri1361Also known as Hein Hoyer
Bertrammus Horborch1366
Werner de Wighersen1367
Ludolfus de Holdenstedte1375
Christian Militis1378Also known as Kersten Miles
Henricus (Heino) Ybing1381
Johannes Hoyeri1389
Marquard Schreye1319
Meinard Buxtehude1397
Hilmar Lopow1401
Johann Lüneborg1411
Henricus de Monte1413
Henricus Hoyeri1417
Johannes Wighe (Wye)1420
Bernhard Borstelt1422
Vicco de Hove1431
Simon van Utrecht1433
Hinrich Köting1493
Thidericus Lüneborg1443
Detlev Bremer1447
Henricus Lopow1451
Thidericus Gerlefstorp1492
Henricus Lesemann1458
Erich de Tzevena1464
Albert Schilling1464
Hinrich Murmester1466
Johann Meiger1472
Johann Huge1478
Nicolaus de Schworen1480
Hermann Langenbeck1481
Henning Büring1486
Christian Berchampe1492
Erich von Tzeven1499
Detlev Bremer1499
Bartholomäus vom Rhyne1505
Marquard vam Lo1507–1519[2]
Johann Spreckelsen1512
Nicolaus Thode1517
Thidericus Hohusen1517
unoccupied1519–1520Second Mayor was Dietrich [Thidericus?] Hohusen (1517–1546)[2]
Erhard vom Holte1520–1529Also Gerhard vom Holte[2]
Hinrich Salsborg1523
Johann Hülpe1524
Johann Wetken1529–1533[2]
Paul Grote1531
Albert Westede1533–1538[2]
Johann Rodenborg1536
Peter von Spreckelsen1538–1553[2]
Jürgen Plate1546
Matthias Rheder1547
Ditmar Koel1548
Albert Hackmann1553–1580[2]
unoccupied1580–1581Second Mayor was Paul Grote (1580–1584)[2]
Lorenz Niebur1557
Hermann Wetken1564
Eberhard Moller1571
Paul Grote1580
Johann Niebur1557(1581–1590)[2]
Nicolaus Vögeler1581
Joachim vom Kape1588
Diedrich von Eitzen1589
unoccupied1590–1591Second Mayor: Joachim von Kape (1588–1594)[2]
Erich von der Fechte1591–1613[2]
Joachim Bekendorp1593
Diederich vom Holte1595
Vincent Moller1599
Eberhard Twestreng1606
Hieronimus Vögeler1609
unoccupied1613–1614Second Mayor: Hieronymus Vögeler (1609–1642)[2]
Sebastian von Bergen1614–1623[2]
Johann Wetken1614
Bartholomäus Beckmann1617
Joachim Claen1622
Albert von Eitzen1623
unoccupied1623–1624
Ulrich Winkel1624–1649[2]
Johannes Brand1633–1652
Bartholomäus Moller1643
unoccupied1649–1650Second Mayor: Bartholomäus Moller (1643–1667)[2]
Nicolaus Jarre1650–1678[2]
Johann Schlebusch1653
Peter Lütkens1654
Wolfgang Meurer1660
Bartholomäus Twestreng1663
Johannes Schötteringk1667
Johann Schulte1668
Broderus Pauli1670–1680
Johann Schröder1676
Heinrich Meurer1678–1684(First term)[2]
Diedrich Moller1680
Johann Schlüter1684–1688[2]
Joachim Lemmermann1684
Heinrich Meurer1686(1688–1690) Second term[2]
Peter Lütkens1687–1717
Johannes Schafshausen1690–1697[2]
Hieronimus Harticus Moller1697
Peter von Lengerke (or Lengerks)1697–1709[2]
Julius Surland1702
Gerhard Schröder1703
Paul Paulsen1704
Lucas von Borstel1709–1716[2]
Ludwig Becceler1712
Bernhard Matfeld1716–1720[2]
Garlieb Sillem1717
Hinrich Diedrich Wiese1720–1728(or Heinrich Dietrich Wiese)[2]
Hans Jacob Faber1722
Johann Anderson1723
Rütger Rulant1728–1742[2]
Daniel Stockfleth1729
Martin Lucas Schele1733
Johann H. Luis1739
Cornelius Poppe1741
Conrad Widow1742–1754(1743–1754)[2]
Nicolaus Stempeel1743
Clemens Samuel Lipstrop1749
Lucas von Spreckelsen1750
Martin H. Schele1751
Lucas Corthum1751
Nicolaus Schuback1759(1754–1783)[2]
Peter Greve1759
Vincent Rumpff1765
Johann Schlüter1774
Albert Schulte1778
Frans Doormann1780
Jacob Albrecht von Sienen1781
Johann Anderson1781(1783–1790)[2]
Johann Luis1784
Johann Adolph Poppe1786
Martin Dorner1788
Franz Anton Wagener1790–1801[2]
Daniel Lienau1798
Peter Hinrich Widow1800–1802
Friedrich von Graffen1801–1810First term[2]
Wilhelm Amsinck1802
Johann Arnold Heise1807
Amandus Augustus Abendroth1811–1813[2]Not included in the Meister's book.[3]
Friedrich von Graffen1815–1820Second term[2]
Christian Matthias Schröder1816
Johann Heinrich Bartels1820–1850
Johann Daniel Koch1821
Martin Garlieb Sillem1829
Amandus Augustus Abendroth1831
Martin H. Schötteringk1832
Christian Daniel Benecke1835
Heinrich Kellinghusen1842
Johann Ludwig Dammert1843
Nicolaus Binder1855
unoccupied1850–1861Second Mayor: Christian Daniel Benecke (1835–1851)
Third Mayor: Heinrich Kellinghusen (1842–1880)
Fourth Mayor: Nicolaus Binder (1855–1861)
All:[2]

Hamburg (1860–1919)

Since 1860 Hamburg had a constitution. Members of the Hamburg senate were elected by the Hamburg Parliament—not coopted by the existing senate. They were lifelong members of the senate. From the three eldest and juristic trained members the senate elected annually the First Mayor of Hamburg (German title: Erster Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg) – the presiding head – and his deputy (Second Mayor of the Free and Hanseatic city of Hamburg, German title: Zweiter Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg).

Description of the method
Year First mayor Second mayor „sabbatical year"
1 Senator A Senator B Senator C
2 Senator B Senator C Senator A
3 Senator C Senator A Senator B
4 Senator A Senator B Senator C

All mayors are taken from Domizlaff: Das Hamburger Rathaus and are listed in Erste Bürgermeister Hamburgs 1507–2008, only changes in dates are marked by an added reference.

Name Image In office Note
Friedrich Sieveking1861–1862
Ferdinand Haller 1863–1864
Friedrich Sieveking1865
Ferdinand Haller 1866–1867(−1868)[2]
Friedrich Sieveking1868
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer1869
Ferdinand Haller1870

German Reich (1871–1945)

German Empire (1871–1918)
Portrait Name
(Born–Died)		 Term of office Political party
Took office Left office Days
German Empire (1871–1918)
City of the German Reich
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)		 1 January 1871 31 December 1872 730
Ferdinand Haller[2]
(1805–1876)		 1 January 1873 31 December 1873 364
Hermann Goßler
(1802–1877)		 1 January 1874 31 December 1874 364
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)		 1 January 1875 31 December 1875 364
Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)		 1 January 1876 31 December 1877 730
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)		 1 January 1878 31 December 1878 364
Hermann Weber
(1822–1886)		 1 January 1879 31 December 1879 729
Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)		 1 January 1880 31 December 1880 365
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)		 1 January 1881 31 December 1881 364
Hermann Weber
(1822–1886)		 1 January 1882 31 December 1882 364
Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)		 1 January 1883 31 December 1883 364
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)		 1 January 1884 31 December 1884 365
Hermann Weber
(1822–1886)		 1 January 1885 31 December 1885 364
Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)		 1 January 1886 31 December 1886 364
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)		 1 January 1887 3 March 1887 61
Johannes Versmann
(1820–1899)		 14 March 1887 31 December 1888 658
Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)		 1 January 1889 31 December 1889 364
Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)		 1 January 1990 31 December 1990 364
Johannes Versmann
(1820–1899)		 1 January 1891 31 December 1891 364
Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)		 1 January 1892 31 December 1892 365
Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)		 1 January 1893 31 December 1893 364
Johannes Versmann
(1820–1899)		 1 January 1894 31 December 1894 364
Johannes Lehmann
(1826–1901)		 1 January 1895 31 December 1895 364
Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)		 1 January 1896 31 December 1896 365
Johannes Versmann
(1820–1899)		 1 January 1897 31 December 1897 364
Johannes Lehmann
(1826–1901)		 1 January 1898 31 December 1898 364
Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)		 1 January 1899 31 December 1899 364
Johannes Lehmann
(1826–1901)		 1 January 1900 15 September 1900 257
Gerhard Hachmann
(1838–1904)		 19 November 1900 31 December 1901 407
Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)		 1 January 1902 31 December 1902 364
Johann Heinrich Burchard
(1852–1912)		 1 January 1903 31 December 1903 364
Gerhard Hachmann
(1838–1904)		 1 January 1904 5 July 1904 186
Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)		 5 July 1904 31 December 1905 544
Johann Heinrich Burchard
(1852–1912)		 1 January 1906 31 December 1906 364
Johann Otto Stammann
(1835–1909)		 1 January 1907 31 December 1907 364
Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)		 1 January 1908 27 March 1908 365
Johann Heinrich Burchard
(1852–1912)		 3 April 1908 31 December 1909 637
Max Predöhl
(1854–1923)		 1 January 1910 31 December 1911 729
Johann Heinrich Burchard
1852–1912)		 1 January 1912 6 September 1912 249
Carl August Schröder
(1855–1945)		 3 September 1912 31 December 1913 484
Max Predöhl
(1854–1923)		 1 January 1914 31 December 1914 364
Werner von Melle
(1853–1937)		 1 January 1915 31 December 1915 364
Carl August Schröder
(1855–1945)		 1 January 1916 31 December 1916 365
Max Predöhl
(1854–1923)		 1 January 1917 31 December 1917 364
Werner von Melle
(1853–1937)		 1 January 1918 12 November 1918 315
List of Second Mayors from 1860 to 1919
Name Image In office Note
Ascan Wilhelm Lutteroth1862–1863
Friedrich Sieveking1864
Ascan Wilhelm Lutteroth Legat1865–1866
Friedrich Sieveking1867
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer1868
Ferdinand Haller 1869
Hermann Goßler1870–1871
Ferdinand Haller 1872
Hermann Goßler1873
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer1874
Ferdinand Haller 1875
Hermann Weber1876
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer1877
Hermann Weber1878
Carl Friedrich Petersen 1879
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer1880
Hermann Weber1881
Carl Friedrich Petersen 1882
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer1883
Hermann Weber1884
Carl Friedrich Petersen 1885
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer1886
Johannes Versmann1 January 1887 – 14 March 1887
Max Theodor Hayn14 March 1887 – 31 December 1887
Carl Friedrich Petersen 1888
Johann Georg Mönckeberg1889
Johannes Versmann1890
Carl Friedrich Petersen 1891
Johann Georg Mönckeberg1892
Johannes Versmann1893
Johannes Lehmann1894
Johann Georg Mönckeberg1895
Johannes Versmann1896
Johannes Lehmann1897
Johann Georg Mönckeberg1898
Johannes Versmann1899
Johannes Lehmann5 July 1899 – 31 December 1899
Gerhard Hachmann1 January 1900 – 19 November 1900
Johann Georg Mönckeberg19 November 1900 – 1901
Johann Heinrich Burchard1902
Gerhard Hachmann1903
Johann Georg Mönckeberg1 January 1904 – 11 July 1904
Johann Heinrich Burchard11 July 1904 – 1905
Johann Otto Stammann1906
Johann Georg Mönckeberg1907
Johann Heinrich Burchard1 January 1908 – 3 April 1908
William Henry O'Swald3 April 1908 – 1909
Carl August Schröder1910
Johann Heinrich Burchard1911
Carl August Schröder1 January 1912 – 13 September 1912
Max Predöhl13 September 1912 – 1913
Werner von Melle1914
Carl August Schröder1915
Max Predöhl1916
Werner von Melle1917
Carl August Schröder1918–1919

Weimar Republic (1919–1933)
See also: Hamburg state elections in the Weimar Republic

During the German Revolution of 1918–1919 an Arbeiter- und Soldatenrat (workers' and soldiers' council) was formed. From 12 November 1918 to 1919, a chairman was the head of state and city government: Heinrich Lauffenberg (−1919), Carl Hense (1919).[2] This is not mentioned in Domizlaff: Das Hamburger Rathaus. The period in Germany after the First World War until the takeover of power – by the Nazi Party in 1933 – is called Weimar Republic. The Hamburg Parliament was democratically elected.

First Mayor of Hamburg
Portrait Name
(Born–Died)		 Term of office Political party
Took office Left office Days
Werner von Melle[2]
(1853–1937)		 31 March 1919 31 December 1919 275
Friedrich Sthamer
(1856–1931)		 1 January 1920 1 February 1920 31
Arnold Diestel[2]
(1857–1924)		 2 February 1920 31 December 1923 1428 German Democratic Party
Carl Wilhelm Petersen
(1868-1933)		 1 January 1924 31 December 1929 2191 German Democratic Party
Rudolf Ross
(1872–1951)		 1 January 1930 31 December 1931 729 Social Democratic Party
Carl Wilhelm Petersen
(1868-1933)		 1 January 1932 30 January 1933 760 German Democratic Party
Second Mayor of Hamburg
Party Took office Left office
Otto Stolten SPD 31 March 1919 1925
Max Schramm SPD 1925 4 April 1928
Rudolf Ross SPD 5 April 1928 31 December 1929
Carl Wilhelm Petersen DDP 1 January 1930 31 December 1931
Rudolf Ross SPD 1 January 1932 30 January 1933

Nazi Germany (1933–1945)

In Nazi Germany the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" (Gesetz über den Neuaufbau des Reiches) of 30 January 1934 abandoned the concept of a federal republic. The political institutions of the Länder were abolished altogether, passing all powers to the central government. The Hamburg Parliament was dissolved. The First Mayor was appointed by the Reich Interior Minister, though Hitler himself reserved the right to appoint him (as was also the case with Berlin and Vienna). The actual head of the Hamburg executive was the Reichsstatthalter (Regional Governor) Karl Kaufmann (1933–1945).[4]

Name Took office Left office Party
Carl Wilhelm Petersen 30 January 1933 7 March 1933 German People’s Party
Carl Vincent Krogmann[2] 8 March 1933 3 May 1945 NSDAP
Second Mayor
Name Took office Left office Party
Rudolf Ross 30 January 1933 3 March 1933 Social Democratic Party
Wilhelm Burchard-Motz 8 March 1933 18 May 1933 German People's Party

Colonel Robert Gordon Kitchen VI, Governor of Hamburg during the control of the British Army 1945–1946.

Hamburg (1945–present)
See also: 2001 Hamburg state election, 2004 Hamburg state election, 2008 Hamburg state election, 2011 Hamburg state election, 2015 Hamburg state election, and 2020 Hamburg state election

Mayors during the federal parliamentary republic of Germany.

Political party key:   SPD   CDU

First Mayor and President of the Senate of Hamburg
Portrait Name
(Born–Died)		 Term of office Political party
Took office Left office Days
Hamburg (1945–1949)
British occupation zone in Allied-occupied Germany
– Rudolf Petersen
(1878–1962)
Appointed by the British military		 15 May 1945 22 November 1946 556 Christian Democratic Union
1 Max Brauer
First term
(1887–1973)		 22 November 1946 23 May 1949 913 Social Democratic Party
Hamburg (1949–present)
City-state of the Federal Republic of Germany
(1) Max Brauer
First term
(1887–1973)		 23 May 1949 2 December 1953 1654 Social Democratic Party
2 Kurt Sieveking
(1897–1986)		 2 December 1953 4 December 1957 1463 Christian Democratic Union
2
(1)		 Max Brauer
Second term
(1887–1973)		 4 December 1957 31 December 1960
(resigned)		 1123 Social Democratic Party
4 Paul Nevermann
(1902–1979)		 1 January 1961 9 June 1965
(resigned)		 1620 Social Democratic Party
5 Herbert Weichmann
(1896–1983)		 9 June 1965 9 June 1971
(resigned)		 2191 Social Democratic Party
6 Peter Schulz
(1930–2013)		 9 June 1971 4 November 1974
(resigned)		 1244 Social Democratic Party
7 Hans-Ulrich Klose[5]
(1937–2023)		 12 November 1974 22 May 1981
(resigned)		 2383 Social Democratic Party
8 Klaus von Dohnanyi
(born 1928)		 24 June 1981 8 June 1988 2541 Social Democratic Party
9 Henning Voscherau[6][7]
(1941–2016)		 8 June 1988 8 October 1997
(resigned)		 3409 Social Democratic Party
10 Ortwin Runde[8]
(born 1944)		 12 November 1997 31 October 2001 1449 Social Democratic Party
11 Ole von Beust
(born 1955)		 31 October 2001 25 August 2010
(resigned)		 3220 Christian Democratic Union
12 Christoph Ahlhaus
(born 1969)		 25 August 2010 7 March 2011 194 Christian Democratic Union
13 Olaf Scholz
(born 1958)		 7 March 2011 13 March 2018
(resigned)		 2563 Social Democratic Party
14 Peter Tschentscher
(born 1966)		 28 March 2018 Incumbent 2282 Social Democratic Party
Second Mayor of Hamburg
Name Took office Left office Party
Adolph Schönfelder
(1875–1966)		 6 June 1945 15 November 1946 Social Democratic Party
Christian Koch
(1878–1955)		 19 November 1946 18 February 1950 Free Democratic Party
Paul Nevermann
(1902–1979)		 24 February 1950 2 December 1953 Social Democratic Party
Edgar Engelhard
(1917–1979)		 2 December 1953 27 April 1966 Free Democratic Party
Wilhelm Drexelius
(1906–1974)		 27 April 1966 2 April 1970 Social Democratic Party
Peter Schulz
(1930–2013)		 22 April 1970 9 June 1971 Social Democratic Party
Helmuth Kern
(1926–2016)		 9 June 1971 3 October 1972 Social Democratic Party
Hans Rau
(1925–1995)		 3 October 1972 30 April 1974 Free Democratic Party
Dieter Biallas
(1936–2016)		 30 April 1974 28 June 1978 Free Democratic Party
Helga Elstner
(1924–2012)		 28 June 1978 13 June 1984 Social Democratic Party
Alfons Pawelczyk
(born 1933)		 13 June 1984 2 September 1987 Social Democratic Party
Ingo von Münch
(born 1932)		 2 September 1987 26 June 1991 Free Democratic Party
Hans-Jürgen Krupp
(born 1933)		 26 June 1991 1 December 1993 Social Democratic Party
Erhard Rittershaus
(1931–2006)		 15 December 1993 12 November 1997 Statt party
Krista Sager[9]
(born 1953)		 12 November 1997 31 October 2001 Alliance '90/The Greens
Ronald Schill[8]
(born 1958)		 31 October 2001 19 August 2003 Party for a Rule of Law Offensive
Mario Mettbach[10]
(born 1952)		 21 August 2003 17 March 2004 Party for a Rule of Law Offensive
Birgit Schnieber-Jastram[11]
(born 1946)		 17 March 2004 7 May 2008 Christian Democratic Union
Christa Goetsch[12]
(born 1952)		 7 May 2008 29 November 2010 Alliance '90/The Greens
Dietrich Wersich
(born 1964)		 30 November 2010 7 March 2011 Christian Democratic Union
Dorothee Stapelfeldt
(born 1956)		 7 March 2011 15 April 2015 Social Democratic Party
Katharina Fegebank
(born 1977)		 15 April 2015 Incumbent Alliance '90/The Greens

Notes and references
  1. Verg, Erik; Verg, Martin (2007). Das Abenteuer, das Hamburg heißt (in German) (4th ed.). Hamburg: Ellert&Richter. p. 264. ISBN 978-3-8319-0137-1.
  2. "Erste Bürgermeister Hamburgs 1507–2008" (PDF). Senat der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg, Senatskanzlei (in German). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 March 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
  3. "Abendroth, Amandus Augustus". Leipzig: Historische Commission bei der Königl. Akademie der Wissenschaften. 1875. Archived from the original on 11 March 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2008. Retrieved from Elektronische Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German) (Sütterlin script)
  4. Verg, pp. 161–163
  5. Last mayor in Domizlaff as no. 182
  6. "Henning Voscherau: Langjähriger Bürgermeister Hamburgs" (in German). NDR online. Archived from the original on 11 October 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
  7. "Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek" (in German). German National Library. Archived from the original on 19 February 2009. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
  8. "Schroeder's Party Appears to Lose Pivotal Vote". Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
  9. Martin Christensen. "German Parties". Archived from the original on 11 October 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
  10. "Hamburg's conservative government collapses after another farce". City Mayors Archive. Archived from the original on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
  11. Schirg, Oliver (15 April 2008). "Senatorin Schnieber-Jastram zieht sich zurück". Die Welt (in German). Welt online. Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
  12. Sloan, Gene. "Christa Goetsch (Greens Party) newly elected ." USAtoday Cruise log. Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
General
  • (1293–1977) Domizlaff, Svante (2002). Das Hamburger Rathaus (in German) (first ed.). Hamburg: Edition Maritim. ISBN 978-3-89225-465-2. (Note: not included in the 2nd edition.)
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