Kongo languages
The Kongo languages are a clade of Bantu languages, coded Zone H.10 in Guthrie's classification, that are spoken by the Bakongo:
- Beembe (Pangwa, Doondo, Kamba, Gangala), Ndingi, Kunyi, Mboka, Kongo, Western Kongo, Laari (Laadi), Vili, Yombe, Suundi
| Kongo | |
|---|---|
| Kikongo | |
| Linguistic classification | Niger–Congo? |
| Glottolog | kiko1235 |
Map of the area where Kongo and Kituba as the lingua franca are spoken. | |
Languages
Glottolog, based on Koen Bostoen (2018, 2019),[1][2][3] classifies two dozen languages of the Kongo language cluster as follows:
- Kikongo language cluster
These are closest to Mbuun, Ngongo and Nsong-Mpiin.[4]
References
- Bostoen, Koen; de Schryver, Gilles-Maurice (2018). "Seventeenth-century Kikongo is not the ancestor of present-day Kikongo". In Bostoen, Koen; Brinkman, Inge (eds.). The Kongo kingdom: the origins, dynamics and cosmopolitan culture of an African polity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 60–102.
- Bostoen, Koen; de Schryver, Gilles-Maurice (2018). "Langues et évolution linguistique dans le royaume et l'aire kongo". In Clist, Bernard-Olivier; de Maret, Pierre; Bostoen, Koen (eds.). Une archéologie des provinces septentrionales du royaume Kongo. Oxford: Archaeopress. pp. 51–55.
- Pacchiarotti, Sara; Chousou-Polydouri, Natalia; Bostoen, Koen (2019). "Untangling the West-Coastal Bantu mess: identification, geography and phylogeny of the Bantu B50-80 languages". Africana Linguistica. 21: 87–162.
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "KLC Extended". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
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