Order of San Marino

The Order of San Marino or Civil and Military Equestrian Order of Saint Marinus (Italian: Ordine Equestre Civile e Militare di San Marino) is an Order of Merit of San Marino. Established 13 August 1859, the order is presented for outstanding civil or military services to the Republic, or for humanitarian, artistic, political or scientific accomplishment.[2] It is only ever awarded to people who are not citizens of the Republic of San Marino.

Order of San Marino
Star and badge of the order
TypeState order
Established13 August 1859 (1859-08-13)[1]
Country San Marino
MottoRelinquo vos liberos ab utroque homine
(I leave you free from both men)
Awarded forOutstanding civil or military services to the Republic, or for humanitarian, artistic, political or scientific accomplishment.
GrandmasterCaptains Regent
SecretarySecretary for Foreign Affairs
Precedence
Next (higher)None
Next (lower)Order of Saint Agatha


The Equestrian Order of San Marino is divided into five ranks: Knight Grand Cross, Knight Grand Officer, Knight Major Officer or Commander, Knight Officer and Knight. The first rank of the Order is only awarded to sovereigns, members of reigning families, high state officials, or to those who have rendered extraordinary services to the Republic of San Marino.[3]

The badge of the Order of San Marino is a birostrate cross of gold, enamelled in white. It is flanked by four golden towers. The badge is charged on one side with a round shield, circled in blue with the words: San Marino Protettore. An image of Saint Marinus is in the centre of the shield. On the other side, the San Marino coats of arms is encircled by the words Merito Civile e Militare and the badge is bordered by a golden crown. The ribbon is of wavy silk with alternating blue and white stripes.

The Knights of the Grand Cross also have a star which is a white birostrate cross. This is charged with a blue, round shield with the inscription: Relinquo vos liberos ab utroque homine. It is surrounded by a garland of enamelled oak and olive branches; these are leaning against a ray of four golden beams alternating with four silver beams. The Grand Officers of the order also have the same star, but of a smaller size.[4]

The Order of Saint Agatha is the next lower in order of precedence.

Grades

The order is presented in five ranks:[2]

  1. Knight of Grand Cross (Cavaliere di Gran Croce)
  2. Knight Grand Officer (Cavaliere Grand'Ufficiale)
  3. Knight Major Officer or Commander (Cavaliere Ufficiale Maggiore or Commendatore)
  4. Knight Officer (Cavaliere Ufficiale)
  5. Knight (Cavaliere)
Ribbon bars of the Order of San Marino
Knight Officer Commander Grand Officer Grand Cross

Collar of the Equestrian Order of Saint Marino

With the decree of 30 April 1964, the Collar of the Equestrian Order of Saint Marino was established, which is normally conferred on Heads of State by the Great and General Council.[5]

Recipients

Prominent people who have been awarded the Order of San Marino[6]

Date of award Country Recipient
 Kingdom of ItalyGiuseppe Natoli[7]
1889 Kingdom of ItalyVictor Emmanuel III of Italy[8]
 Kingdom of ItalyFrancesco Azzuri[9]
 Kingdom of ItalyPietro Gasparri[10]
23 September 1907 Kingdom of ItalyCamillo Peano
27 November 1918 Kingdom of ItalyPietro Badoglio
13 March 1919 United StatesThomas Nelson Page
13 March 1919 Kingdom of ItalySidney Sonnino
16 September 1926 FranceGaston Doumergue
15 September 1928 Kingdom of ItalyCostanzo Ciano
15 September 1931 United StatesVictor J. Dowling
15 September 1931 United StatesJimmy Walker
19 May 1932 Kingdom of ItalyPope Pius XII
22 November 1934 United KingdomGeorge V
30 March 1935 MonacoLouis II, Prince of Monaco
6 July 1935 Kingdom of ItalyLudovico Chigi Albani della Rovere
20 February 1937 United KingdomGeorge VI
6 May 1939 Kingdom of ItalyGaleazzo Ciano
6 February 1945 United KingdomHarold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis
6 February 1945 United StatesEdgar Erskine Hume
4 December 1945 United StatesEllery W. Stone
30 March 1948 ItalyAlcide De Gasperi
30 March 1948 ItalyCarlo Sforza
18 February 1950 MonacoRainier III, Prince of Monaco
11 June 1953 ItalyLuigi Einaudi
17 November 1953 FranceVincent Auriol
27 February 1954 FranceGeorges Bidault
27 February 1954 FranceJoseph Laniel
24 May 1955 ItalyGiovanni Gronchi
1967 YugoslaviaJosip Broz Tito
2006 NetherlandsRené van der Linden
2014 ItalyGiorgio Napolitano
2015 MonacoAlbert II, Prince of Monaco
2021 ItalySergio Mattarella
2022 MontenegroMilo Đukanović
2022 United KingdomElizabeth II[11]
 NetherlandsPrince Carlos, Duke of Parma

References
  1. Robertson, Megan C. "Republic of San Marino: Order of San Marino". Medals of the World. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  2. Hieronymussen, Paul (1967). Orders and Decorations of Europe in Color. New York: Macmillan. p. 233.
  3. "The Equestrian Order of San Marino". Consulate of the Republic of San Marino to the UK. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  4. "San Marino". Medals.org.uk. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  5. "Honours". San Marino Secretary for Foreign and Political Affairs. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  6. "The Equestrian Order of San Marino". Consulate of the Republic of San Marino to the UK. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  7. "Giuseppe Natoli". Senato della Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  8. "The Equestrian Order of San Marino". Consulate of the Republic of San Marino to the UK. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  9. Gubernatis, Angelo De; Matini, Ugo (1889). "Dizionario degli artisti italiani viventi, pittori, scultori e architetti". Google Books (in Italian). Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  10. "The Equestrian Order of Saint Agatha". Consulate of the Republic of San Marino to the UK. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
  11. "The Equestrian Order of San Marino". Consulate of San Marino to the UK. Retrieved 2022-03-18.
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