René-Édouard Claparède

René-Édouard Claparède (24 April 1832 in Chancy – 31 May 1871 in Siena) was a Swiss anatomist.[1] The Claparède family was Protestant and originally from Languedoc. They moved to Geneva after Louis XIV:s Edict of Fontainebleau in 1685.

He received his education in Geneva and Berlin, where he attended lectures given by Johannes Peter Müller.[1] Later on, he served as an assistant to François Jules Pictet de la Rive at the Geneva Academy, where in 1862 he became a professor of comparative anatomy. He was a regular contributor to the Archives des sciences physiques et naturelles.[2]

His main research dealt with the structure of infusoria, the anatomy of annelids, the histology of earthworms, the embryology of arthropods and the evolution of spiders.[2] Species with the epithet of claparedii commemorate his name, an example being the sea anemone Edwardsia claparedii.[3] Claparède stressed the importance of studying and illustrating living or recently killed organisms and he did not deposit any museum specimens. He died aged 39 from tuberculosis.

Selected works
  • Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte der Neritina fluviatilis, 1857 – Anatomy and developmental history of Neritina fluviatilis.
  • Études sur les infusoires et les rhizopodes, 1858 (with Johannes Lachmann) – Studies of infusoria and rhizopods.
  • De la formation et de la fécondation des œufs chez les vers nématodes, 1859 – The formation and egg fertilization in nematode worms.
  • Recherches sur l'evolution des araignées, 1862 – Research on the evolution of spiders.
  • Recherches anatomiques sur les oligochètes, 1862 – Anatomical research on Oligochaeta.
  • Beobachtungen über Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte wirbelloser Thiere an der Küste von Normandie, 1863 – Observations on the anatomy and evolution of invertebrates from the coast of Normandy.
  • Les annelides chétopodes du Golfe de Naples, 1868 – On Chaetopoda annelids from the Gulf of Naples.
  • Recherches sur la structure des annélides sédentaires, 1873 – Research on the structure of sedentary annelids.[4]

References
  1. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Claparède, Jean Louis" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 422–423.
  2. Claparède, René-Edouard Historischen Lexikon der Schweiz
  3. Edwardsia claparedii DORIS
  4. Most widely held works about René-Édouard Claparède WorlCat Identities
  5. International Plant Names Index.  Clap.
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