Sir Hugh O'Donnell

Sir Hugh McManus O'Donnell
*Sir Aodh mac Maghnusa Ó Domhnaill*
Sir Hugh McManus O'Donnell; Sir Aodh mac Maghnusa Ó Domhnaill
King of Tyrconnell
Reign	1566–1592
Predecessor	Calvagh O'Donnell
Heir	Hugh Roe O'Donnell
Born	c. 1520; Tyrconnell, Ulster, Ireland
Died	c. 1600 (aged 79-80); Tyrconnell, Ulster, Ireland
Spouse	Iníon Dubh
Issue	Numerous
House	Uí Dhomhnaill
Father	Manus O'Donnell
Mother	Judith O'Neill

Sir Hugh McManus O'Donnell (Irish: Sir Aodh mac Maghnusa Ó Domhnaill; c. 1520 - c. 1600)[1] was an Irish Gaelic lord. He was The O'Donnell of his clan, and king of Tyrconnell in Tudor-era Ireland.

Biography

Hugh O'Donnell born circa 1520,[1] and married Iníon Dubh. In the 1580s, a violent succession dispute broke out amongst the O'Donnell family over who would succeed him. He abdicated in favour of his eldest son by his second wife, Hugh Roe O'Donnell,[2][1] in 1592. He lived in retirement until his death in 1600, by which time Tyrone's Rebellion was in full flight.[1]

Historian Francis Martin O'Donnell has named Sir Hugh's first wife as "Nuala, a daughter of O’Neill".[3]

Family tree

Issue of Hugh McManus O'Donnell (Aodh mac Maghnusa Ó Domhnaill; c. 1520 - 1600)[lower-roman 1]

First marriage: Nuala O'Neill[lower-greek 1]

Joanna O'Donnell (Siobhán Ní Domhnaill)[lower-greek 2]
- Died c. January 1591[lower-greek 3][lower-roman 4][lower-roman 3][lower-roman 6][lower-roman 7][lower-roman 8]
  - Married Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone in June 1574[lower-roman 6][lower-roman 4][lower-roman 5] - marriage repudiated in 1579[lower-roman 9] - later reconfirmed[lower-roman 10]
    - Margaret O'Neill[lower-roman 11][lower-roman 8][lower-roman 5]
      - Married Richard Butler, 3rd Viscount Mountgarret[lower-roman 8][lower-roman 5]
    - Sarah O'Neill (fl. 1595-1602)[lower-greek 4][lower-roman 5][lower-roman 4]
      - Married Sir Arthur Magennis[lower-roman 8][lower-roman 5] before 4 March 1595[lower-roman 5]
    - Mary O'Neill (fl. 1608)[lower-roman 4][lower-roman 5]
      - Married Brian McHugh Og MacMahon[lower-roman 5]
    - Alice O'Neill (1583 - c. 1665)[lower-roman 12][lower-roman 13][lower-roman 4][lower-roman 14][lower-greek 5]
      - Married Randal MacDonnell, 1st Earl of Antrim[lower-roman 12][lower-roman 15][lower-roman 4][lower-roman 16]
    - Hugh O'Neill (1585 - 24 September 1609)[lower-roman 17][lower-roman 4][lower-roman 5][lower-roman 18]
    - Henry O'Neill (c. 1586[lower-roman 19] - c. 1620[lower-greek 6])

Daughter (name unknown)
- Married a son of Turlough Lynagh O'Neill

Duncan "Scaite" O'Donnell (Donnchadh Ó Domhnaill)[lower-greek 7]

Rory O'Donnell (Ruaidhri Ó Domhnaill)
- Died 1575

Donnell O'Donnell (Domhnall Ó Domhnaill)
- Died 14 September 1590[lower-roman 21]
  - Married a daughter of Turlough Lynagh O'Neill around c. 1589[lower-roman 22]
    - Donnell Oge O'Donnell (died 5 September 1620)[lower-roman 23]

Second marriage, c. 1569: Fiona MacDonald (Fionnghuala Nic Dhomhnaill, also known as Iníon Dubh; fl. 1567–1611), daughter of James MacDonald, 6th of Dunnyveg and Agnes Campbell.[lower-roman 24][lower-roman 5]

Hugh Roe O'Donnell (Aodh Ruadh Ó Domhnaill)
- Born 30 October 1572[lower-roman 25][lower-roman 26]
- Died 10 September 1602[lower-roman 27]
  - Betrothed to Rose O'Neill in c. 1587[lower-roman 28][lower-roman 5] - married in December 1592[lower-roman 4] - separated in 1595[lower-roman 28][lower-roman 5]

Rory O'Donnell (Ruaidrí Ó Domhnaill)
- Born 1575[lower-roman 29][lower-roman 30][lower-roman 31]
- Died 28 July 1608[lower-roman 29][lower-roman 30][lower-roman 31]
  - Married Bridget FitzGerald of Kildare in c. December 1606[lower-roman 30][lower-roman 31]
    - Hugh Albert O'Donnell (October 1606 - 1642)[lower-roman 32][lower-roman 33][lower-roman 34]
    - Mary Stuart O'Donnell (c. 1607 - after 1639)[lower-roman 29][lower-roman 35][lower-roman 32]
    - Some sources incorrectly suggest that there is an elder daughter named Elizabeth (see Elizabeth_Plunket#Errors in her genealogy)

Nuala O'Donnell (Nuala Ní Domhnaill)
- Born c. 1576[lower-roman 36][lower-roman 37]
- Died c. 1630[lower-roman 38][lower-roman 39]
  - Married Niall Garve O'Donnell in 1591[lower-roman 39] - separated 1600[lower-roman 40][lower-roman 39]
    - Naghtan O'Donnell (fl. 1608)[lower-roman 41][lower-roman 42][lower-roman 43]
    - A son (c. 1596 - 1600)[lower-roman 44][lower-roman 45]
    - Grania O'Donnell (fl. 1607 - 1617)[lower-roman 46][lower-roman 41]
    - George Hill mentions Naghtan having two younger brothers[lower-roman 42]

Manus O'Donnell (Maghnus Ó Domhnaill)
- Born c. 1579[lower-roman 47]
- Died 22 October 1600[lower-roman 48]

Margaret O'Donnell (Mairghead Ní Domhnaill)
- fl. 1608, possibly died 1662

Mary O'Donnell (Máire Ní Domhnaill)
- Died 1662
  - Married Donnell Ballagh O'Cahan in c. 1593[lower-roman 49][lower-roman 50]
    - Rory Oge O'Cahan[lower-roman 49]
    - A daughter[lower-roman 49]
  - Married Teigue O'Rourke in 1599[lower-roman 51]
    - Brian O'Rourke (born 1599)[lower-roman 51][lower-roman 52]
    - Hugh O'Rourke (born c. 1600)[lower-roman 52]

Caffar O'Donnell (Cathbarr Ó Domhnaill)
- Born c. 1583[lower-roman 53]
- Died 15 September 1608[lower-roman 54]
  - Married Rosa O'Doherty[lower-roman 54]
    - Hugh O'Donnell (c. June 1605 - 1625)[lower-roman 54][lower-roman 55]
  - Relationship with an unmarried woman[lower-roman 54]
    - Conn O'Donnell (fl. 1608-1629)[lower-roman 54]

Gráinne O'Donnell (Gráinne Ní Domhnaill)[lower-greek 8]

Notes

Historian Francis Martin O'Donnell has named Sir Hugh's first wife as "Nuala, a daughter of O’Neill".[lower-roman 2]
Concannon believed Siobhán was born c. 1569, and that her mother was Iníon Dubh,[lower-roman 3] who married Sir Hugh around that time. However, Siobhán married Hugh O'Neill in 1574, making that date of birth unlikely. Casway and Walsh believe Siobhán's mother was Sir Hugh's first wife.[lower-roman 4][lower-roman 5]
In a letter dated 31 January 1591, O'Neill references Siobhán's recent death.[lower-roman 5]
Her death date has alternately been given as 1639, 26 April 1640, or sometime after 31 March 1642.[lower-roman 5]
Walsh believes her birth date was c. 1588.[lower-roman 5]
Sources disagree on Henry's date of death: 1610,[lower-roman 4] c. 1620,[lower-roman 19] or c. 1626.[lower-roman 8] It is clear that he died sometime before the publication of Philip O'Sullevan's Historia Catholica in 1621.[lower-roman 5]
The historicity of this person is disputed.[lower-roman 20]
Gráinne is known only as a sister of the Earl (i.e., Rory), with no additional information.[lower-roman 56]

References

O'Byrne, Emmett (October 2009). "O'Donnell (Ó Domhnaill), Sir Aodh mac Maghnusa". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006332.v1.
"The O'Donnells of Tyrconnell – A Hidden Legacy (Maunsel Irish Research Series) | Academica Press". www.academicapress.com. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
Concannon, p. 218-219 "Siobhan was probably the eldest of the family, and must have been born not later than 1569." "We know little of Siobhan, who can hardly have been more than one-and- twenty, when she died in 1590."
Casway 2016
Walsh 1930
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2004, p. 511-512
O'Byrne, Emmett; Clarke, Aidan; Barry, Judy (October 2009). "Bagenal (O'Neill), Mabel". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006953.v1. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
Dunlop 1895, p. 196
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2004, p. 839
Morgan 2014
Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003.
Hill 1873, page 222. "Sir Randal Macdonnell was married about the year 1604 to Ellis or Alice O'Neill, the third daughter of Hugh earl of Tyrone. This lady, who was born in 1583, was in her twenty-first year at the time of her marriage, and was younger than either of her sisters, lady Macmahon or Lady Maginnis. She was older than her brother Hugh, the baron of Dungannon."
Cokayne 1910. "[The 1st Earl of Antrim] m., 1604, Alice, da. of Hugh (O'Neill), Earl of Tyrone [I], by his 2nd wife, Joanna, da. of Hugh McManus O'Donnell."
Ohlmeyer, Jane H (2001) [1993]. Civil War and Restoration in the Three Stuart Kingdoms: The Career of Randal MacDonnell, Marquis of Antrim. Dublin: Four Courts Press. p. 359. ISBN 978-0521419789.
Cokayne 1910. "[The 1st Earl of Antrim] m., 1604, Alice, da. of Hugh (O'Neill), Earl of Tyrone [I], by his 2nd wife, Joanna, da. of Hugh McManus O'Donnell."
Ohlmeyer, Jane H (2001) [1993]. Civil War and Restoration in the Three Stuart Kingdoms: The Career of Randal MacDonnell, Marquis of Antrim. Dublin: Four Courts Press. p. 359. ISBN 978-0521419789.
Concannon, p. 218 "The inscription on the tomb in San Pietro in Montorio shows that her eldest child, Hugh, was born in 1585."
Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland 1867, p. 459: "..he died unmarried on the 23rd of September, 1609, aged twenty-four... and was buried in the church of St. Peter's in Montorio..."
Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland 1867, p. 459
Ó Domhnaill, Niall; Na Glúnta Rosannacha (1952), page 87
Annals of the Four Masters: "1590: ...the son of O'Donnell himself, who, being unable to display prowess or defend himself, was slain at Doire-leathan, on one side of the harbour of Telinn, on the 14th of September."
Morgan 1993, page 107
O'Donnell, Francis Martin (2020). What did they really look like? An Iconography of the O'Donnells of Tyrconnell: myth, allegory, prejudice, and evidence. Tyrconnell-Fyngal Publishing.
O'Byrne, Emmett (2009). "MacDonnell (Nic Dhomhnaill), Fiona (Fionnghuala) ('Iníon Dubh')". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006337.v1.
Starke 1984, page 3
Donegal County Archives. The Flight of the Earls: Document Study Pack.
Annals of the Four Masters: "1602:...O'Donnell should take the disease of his death and the sickness of his dissolution; and, after lying seventeen days on the bed, he died, on the 10th of September, in the house which the King of Spain himself had at that town (Simancas)...""
Morgan, Hiram (October 2009). "O'Donnell, 'Red' Hugh (Ó Domhnaill, Aodh Ruadh)". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006343.v1.
Bagwell 1895
O'Byrne, Emmett (October 2009). "O'Donnell (Ó Domhnall), Ruaidhrí". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006701.v1. Retrieved 24 April 2024.
Webb 1878
Silke 2006 "Hugh Albert O'Donnell, born [to Rory and Bridget] about October 1606, was the only son of this marriage, Mary Stuart O'Donnell being born about a year later."
Bagwell 1895 "About ninety persons sailed with the earls, among whom were Tyrconnel's son Hugh, aged eleven months..."
Ulwencreutz, Lars (2013), Ulwencreutz's The Royal Families in Europe V, Lulu.com, p. 136, ISBN 978-1-304-58135-8 "Hugh O'Donnell, 2nd Earl of Tyrconnell (1606-1642) Prince and Lord of Tryconnell".
"O'Donnell, Lady Mary Stuart (b. 1607?, d. in or after 1639), noblewoman". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/20557. Retrieved 24 April 2024. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Casway 2009. Casway gives her birthdate as c. 1575
Concannon, p. 218 "O'Clery tells us that Nuala was already married to Niall Garbh in 1592. This will place her birth-year with some degree of probability about 1577 — not later."
Casway, Jerrold (July 2007). "Women in Flight". History Ireland. 15 (4). Retrieved 18 April 2024.
Casway 2009
O'Sullivan Beare 2008. Philip O'Sullivan Beare notes that Manus's death (October 1600) occurred shortly after Nuala and Niall separated.
Dunlop, Robert. "O'Donnell, Niall Garv". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900. 41.
Hill 1873, page 221
Annals of the Four Masters: "1608: Niall Garv O'Donnell, with his brothers Hugh Boy and Donnell, and his son, Naghtan, were taken prisoners about the festival of St. John in this year."
McGurk, John (August 2007). "The Flight of the Earls: escape or strategic regrouping?". History Ireland. 15 (4).
According to the English officials who wrote the Calendar of State Papers, Hugh Roe personally killed Niall Garve's four-year-old son (also his own nephew)
"O'Donnell". 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. 20. 1911.
Concannon, p. 218 "Manus may have been born about 1579 or 1580. He was old enough to play a man's part in the battle in which he met his death at the hands of Niall Garbh (A.D. 1600)" Lughaidh Ó Cléirigh names the sons in the order of their birth: Hugh Roe, Ruairi, Manus and Cathbar.
Concannon, p. 232
Clavin 2009
Pollard, Albert Frederick. "O'Cahan, Donnell Ballagh". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900. 41.
Gallogy, Dan (1963). "Brian Oge O'Rourke and the Nine Years War". Breifne Journal. 2: 194–195.
Casway, Jerrold (1988). "The Last Lords of Leitrim: The Sons of Teige O'Rourke". Breifne Journal. VII: 561–562.
Concannon, p. 218
McGettigan 2009
Annals of the Four Masters: "[Flight of the Earls, September] 1607: ...Rose, the daughter of O'Doherty, and wife of Caffar, with her son, Hugh, aged two years and three months..."
O'Donnell, Eunan; Reflection on the Flight of the Earls; Donegal Annual, Bliainiris Dhún na nGall, Journal of the County Donegal Historical Society, No. 58 (2006); pp. 31-44.

Bibliography

Bagwell, Richard (1895). "O'Donnell, Rory" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 41. pp. 444–447.
Casway, Jerrold (2009). "O'Donnell, Nuala". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006696.v1. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
Casway, Jerrold (2016). "Catherine Magennis and the Wives of Hugh O'Neill". Seanchas Ardmhacha: Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society. 26 (1): 69–79. JSTOR 48568219.
Clavin, Terry (October 2009). "O'Cahan, Sir Donnell Ballach". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006536.v1. Retrieved 24 April 2024.
Cokayne, George Edward (1910). The Hon. Vicary Gibbs (ed.). The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom : extant, extinct, or dormant. The St. Catherine Press Ltd. p. 174.
Concannon, Helena (1920). "'The Woman of the Piercing Wail' (The Lady Nuala O'Donnell)". The Irish ecclesiastical record. 16. Dublin: John F. Fowler.
Dunlop, Robert (1895). "O'Neill, Hugh, third Baron of Dungannon and second Earl of Tyrone 1540?–1616". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. XLII. New York: MacMillan and Co. pp. 188–196. OCLC 8544105.
Hill, George (1873). An historical account of the Macdonnells of Antrim: including notices of some other septs Irish and Scotch. Belfast: Archer & Sons. Retrieved 12 June 2024.
Matthew, H. C. G.; Harrison, Brian, eds. (2004). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: in association with the British Academy: from the earliest times to the year 2000. Vol. 41. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-861411-1.
Darren, McGettigan (October 2009). "O'Donnell, Caffar". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.002288.v1.
Morgan, Hiram (September 2014). "O'Neill, Hugh". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006962.v1. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
O'Sullivan Beare, Philip (2008). Chapters towards a History of Ireland in the reign of Elizabeth. Translated by Byrne, Matthew J. CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts.
Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland (1867). "PROCEEDINGS AND PAPERS". Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. 5: 459.
Silke, John J. (May 2006). "O'Donnell, Rury , styled first earl of Tyrconnell (1574/5–1608)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/20559. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Starke, Shirley (1984). Red Hugh: The Story of Hugh Roe O'Donnell (PDF). Valley City, North Dakota: The Aodh Ruadh Ó Domhnaill Guild.
Walsh, Paul (1930). Walsh, Paul (ed.). THE WILL AND FAMILY OF HUGH O NEILL, EARL OF TYRONE [WITH AN APPENDIX OF GENEALOGIES] (PDF). Dublin: Sign of the Three Candles.
Webb, Alfred (1878). "Rury O'Donnell". A Compendium of Irish Biography.
Morgan, Hiram (1993). Tyrone's Rebellion : the outbreak of the Nine Years War in Tudor Ireland. Internet Archive. [London] : Royal Historical Society ; Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK ; Rochester, NY, USA : Boydell Press. ISBN 978-0-86193-224-5.

Notes

O'Byrne, Emmett (October 2009). "O'Donnell (Ó Domhnaill), Sir Aodh mac Maghnusa". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006332.v1.
Burke 1866, p. 409.
"The O'Donnells of Tyrconnell – A Hidden Legacy (Maunsel Irish Research Series) | Academica Press". www.academicapress.com. Retrieved 20 June 2024.

References

Burke, Sir Bernard (1866), A Genealogical History of the Dormant: Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire, Harrison, pp. 409–410

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[6] Historian Francis Martin O'Donnell has named Sir Hugh's first wife as "Nuala, a daughter of O’Neill".[lower-roman 2]

[10] Concannon believed Siobhán was born c. 1569, and that her mother was Iníon Dubh,[lower-roman 3] who married Sir Hugh around that time. However, Siobhán married Hugh O'Neill in 1574, making that date of birth unlikely. Casway and Walsh believe Siobhán's mother was Sir Hugh's first wife.[lower-roman 4][lower-roman 5]

[11] In a letter dated 31 January 1591, O'Neill references Siobhán's recent death.[lower-roman 5]

[18] Her death date has alternately been given as 1639, 26 April 1640, or sometime after 31 March 1642.[lower-roman 5]

[22] Walsh believes her birth date was c. 1588.[lower-roman 5]

[28] Sources disagree on Henry's date of death: 1610,[lower-roman 4] c. 1620,[lower-roman 19] or c. 1626.[lower-roman 8] It is clear that he died sometime before the publication of Philip O'Sullevan's Historia Catholica in 1621.[lower-roman 5]

[30] The historicity of this person is disputed.[lower-roman 20]

[67] Gráinne is known only as a sister of the Earl (i.e., Rory), with no additional information.[lower-roman 56]

[4] O'Byrne, Emmett (October 2009). "O'Donnell (Ó Domhnaill), Sir Aodh mac Maghnusa". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006332.v1.

[5] "The O'Donnells of Tyrconnell – A Hidden Legacy (Maunsel Irish Research Series) | Academica Press". www.academicapress.com. Retrieved 20 June 2024.

[ggh-7] Concannon, p. 218-219 "Siobhan was probably the eldest of the family, and must have been born not later than 1569." "We know little of Siobhan, who can hardly have been more than one-and- twenty, when she died in 1590."

[cass-8] Casway 2016

[will-9] Walsh 1930

[3A-12] Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2004, p. 511-512

[13] O'Byrne, Emmett; Clarke, Aidan; Barry, Judy (October 2009). "Bagenal (O'Neill), Mabel". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006953.v1. Retrieved 3 May 2024.

[leeagain-14] Dunlop 1895, p. 196

[15] Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2004, p. 839

[16] Morgan 2014

[17] Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003.

[hillyh-19] Hill 1873, page 222. "Sir Randal Macdonnell was married about the year 1604 to Ellis or Alice O'Neill, the third daughter of Hugh earl of Tyrone. This lady, who was born in 1583, was in her twenty-first year at the time of her marriage, and was younger than either of her sisters, lady Macmahon or Lady Maginnis. She was older than her brother Hugh, the baron of Dungannon."

[20] Cokayne 1910. "[The 1st Earl of Antrim] m., 1604, Alice, da. of Hugh (O'Neill), Earl of Tyrone [I], by his 2nd wife, Joanna, da. of Hugh McManus O'Donnell."

[21] Ohlmeyer, Jane H (2001) [1993]. Civil War and Restoration in the Three Stuart Kingdoms: The Career of Randal MacDonnell, Marquis of Antrim. Dublin: Four Courts Press. p. 359. ISBN 978-0521419789.

[23] Cokayne 1910. "[The 1st Earl of Antrim] m., 1604, Alice, da. of Hugh (O'Neill), Earl of Tyrone [I], by his 2nd wife, Joanna, da. of Hugh McManus O'Donnell."

[24] Ohlmeyer, Jane H (2001) [1993]. Civil War and Restoration in the Three Stuart Kingdoms: The Career of Randal MacDonnell, Marquis of Antrim. Dublin: Four Courts Press. p. 359. ISBN 978-0521419789.

[25] Concannon, p. 218 "The inscription on the tomb in San Pietro in Montorio shows that her eldest child, Hugh, was born in 1585."

[26] Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland 1867, p. 459: "..he died unmarried on the 23rd of September, 1609, aged twenty-four... and was buried in the church of St. Peter's in Montorio..."

[rmasdf-27] Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland 1867, p. 459

[29] Ó Domhnaill, Niall; Na Glúnta Rosannacha (1952), page 87

[31] Annals of the Four Masters: "1590: ...the son of O'Donnell himself, who, being unable to display prowess or defend himself, was slain at Doire-leathan, on one side of the harbour of Telinn, on the 14th of September."

[32] Morgan 1993, page 107

[33] O'Donnell, Francis Martin (2020). What did they really look like? An Iconography of the O'Donnells of Tyrconnell: myth, allegory, prejudice, and evidence. Tyrconnell-Fyngal Publishing.

[fin-34] O'Byrne, Emmett (2009). "MacDonnell (Nic Dhomhnaill), Fiona (Fionnghuala) ('Iníon Dubh')". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006337.v1.

[35] Starke 1984, page 3

[36] Donegal County Archives. The Flight of the Earls: Document Study Pack.

[37] Annals of the Four Masters: "1602:...O'Donnell should take the disease of his death and the sickness of his dissolution; and, after lying seventeen days on the bed, he died, on the 10th of September, in the house which the King of Spain himself had at that town (Simancas)...""

[qwerty0-38] Morgan, Hiram (October 2009). "O'Donnell, 'Red' Hugh (Ó Domhnaill, Aodh Ruadh)". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006343.v1.

[dnbr-39] Bagwell 1895

[4A-40] O'Byrne, Emmett (October 2009). "O'Donnell (Ó Domhnall), Ruaidhrí". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006701.v1. Retrieved 24 April 2024.

[5A-41] Webb 1878

[6A-42] Silke 2006 "Hugh Albert O'Donnell, born [to Rory and Bridget] about October 1606, was the only son of this marriage, Mary Stuart O'Donnell being born about a year later."

[43] Bagwell 1895 "About ninety persons sailed with the earls, among whom were Tyrconnel's son Hugh, aged eleven months..."

[44] Ulwencreutz, Lars (2013), Ulwencreutz's The Royal Families in Europe V, Lulu.com, p. 136, ISBN 978-1-304-58135-8 "Hugh O'Donnell, 2nd Earl of Tyrconnell (1606-1642) Prince and Lord of Tryconnell".

[45] "O'Donnell, Lady Mary Stuart (b. 1607?, d. in or after 1639), noblewoman". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/20557. Retrieved 24 April 2024. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[46] Casway 2009. Casway gives her birthdate as c. 1575

[47] Concannon, p. 218 "O'Clery tells us that Nuala was already married to Niall Garbh in 1592. This will place her birth-year with some degree of probability about 1577 — not later."

[48] Casway, Jerrold (July 2007). "Women in Flight". History Ireland. 15 (4). Retrieved 18 April 2024.

[7A-49] Casway 2009

[50] O'Sullivan Beare 2008. Philip O'Sullivan Beare notes that Manus's death (October 1600) occurred shortly after Nuala and Niall separated.

[y2-51] Dunlop, Robert. "O'Donnell, Niall Garv". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900. 41.

[hill221-52] Hill 1873, page 221

[53] Annals of the Four Masters: "1608: Niall Garv O'Donnell, with his brothers Hugh Boy and Donnell, and his son, Naghtan, were taken prisoners about the festival of St. John in this year."

[54] McGurk, John (August 2007). "The Flight of the Earls: escape or strategic regrouping?". History Ireland. 15 (4).

[55] According to the English officials who wrote the Calendar of State Papers, Hugh Roe personally killed Niall Garve's four-year-old son (also his own nephew)

[56] "O'Donnell". 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. 20. 1911.

[57] Concannon, p. 218 "Manus may have been born about 1579 or 1580. He was old enough to play a man's part in the battle in which he met his death at the hands of Niall Garbh (A.D. 1600)" Lughaidh Ó Cléirigh names the sons in the order of their birth: Hugh Roe, Ruairi, Manus and Cathbar.

[58] Concannon, p. 232

[8ne-59] Clavin 2009

[60] Pollard, Albert Frederick. "O'Cahan, Donnell Ballagh". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900. 41.

[10ne-61] Gallogy, Dan (1963). "Brian Oge O'Rourke and the Nine Years War". Breifne Journal. 2: 194–195.

[oe-62] Casway, Jerrold (1988). "The Last Lords of Leitrim: The Sons of Teige O'Rourke". Breifne Journal. VII: 561–562.

[9ne-63] Concannon, p. 218

[1A-64] McGettigan 2009

[65] Annals of the Four Masters: "[Flight of the Earls, September] 1607: ...Rose, the daughter of O'Doherty, and wife of Caffar, with her son, Hugh, aged two years and three months..."

[66] O'Donnell, Eunan; Reflection on the Flight of the Earls; Donegal Annual, Bliainiris Dhún na nGall, Journal of the County Donegal Historical Society, No. 58 (2006); pp. 31-44.

[:0-1] O'Byrne, Emmett (October 2009). "O'Donnell (Ó Domhnaill), Sir Aodh mac Maghnusa". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006332.v1.

[FOOTNOTEBurke1866409-2] Burke 1866, p. 409.

[:1-3] "The O'Donnells of Tyrconnell – A Hidden Legacy (Maunsel Irish Research Series) | Academica Press". www.academicapress.com. Retrieved 20 June 2024.