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For example, I have one function called f. Now I make some change to f and create a new function called f'. But how do native people read the "f'"? Like "f apostrophe"?

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Mathematician here. We pronounce f' as "f prime".

(Addendum: native English speaker in the United States. So, "we" refers to that group.)

From Wikipedia: "In mathematics, the prime is generally used to generate more variable names for things which are similar, without resorting to subscripts – x′ generally means something related to or derived from x."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_%28symbol%29#Use_in_mathematics,_statistics,_and_science

  • Not always. 'F dash' is a reasonably common alternative. Though 'dash' has the disadvantage here of being distinct from the usual punctuation marks, it has the advantage over 'prime' that it is not used in distinct ways in maths, which multiple usage could lead to confusion. – Edwin Ashworth Nov 05 '19 at 17:49
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    This may be a cultural/nationality thing. I have personally never used/heard "dash" in this context. – Brendan W. Sullivan Nov 05 '19 at 17:59
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    @EdwinAshworth I was a math minor in college, and have always heard this as "f prime." And while you're right that it can also mean "derivative of f," the notiation is the same for both (f') so pronouncing it differently out loud won't fix the problem. – PlutoThePlanet Nov 05 '19 at 19:18
  • @Pluto the Planet I taught maths to Oxbridge entrance level (and also covered remedial maths), and had to be aware of negotiating conflicting senses both intramaths ('similar', 'function') and intermaths ('function' again, 'prime'). We always used f-dash-x, as I had experienced in grammar school, while being aware of the alternative. But the non-incorrectness of both has already been covered here at the earlier thread (which should have been shuffled over to MathsSE anyway). See Colin Fine's statement. / 'Mathematician here. We pronounce ...' sounds dictatorial. – Edwin Ashworth Nov 06 '19 at 16:41
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    @EdwinAshworth: Duly noted. I edited the answer to state my context as US native English. – Brendan W. Sullivan Nov 06 '19 at 16:59