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"He is a beautiful boy."

I know that if an adjective is used before the noun, it is known as attributive, but here he is a pronoun and the adjective is used after the verb is. It's a little confusing as to what should I call the adjective in use- attributive or predicative? Is there any other term?

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This is attributive usage. "Boy" is the noun to which the adjective is applied; it's "beautiful boy", and the adjective is coming first. If you said "the boy is beautiful" then it would be predicative.

equin0x80
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    The word the OP is searching for is 'modifier'. "Beautiful" modifies "boy" in the NP "a beautiful boy". The whole NP is, of course, predicative. – BillJ Dec 24 '22 at 14:24