1988 Toronto Blue Jays season

The 1988 Toronto Blue Jays season was the franchise's 12th season of Major League Baseball. It resulted in the Blue Jays finishing in fourth (tie-breaker went to Milwaukee) in the American League East with a record of 87 wins and 75 losses. This was their last full season at Exhibition Stadium before moving to their new home in June of the following year.

1988 Toronto Blue Jays
LeagueAmerican League
DivisionEast
BallparkExhibition Stadium
CityToronto
Record87–75 (.537)
Divisional place4th
OwnersLabatt Breweries,
Imperial Trust,
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce
General managersPat Gillick
ManagersJimy Williams
TelevisionCFTO-TV
(Don Chevrier, Tony Kubek, Fergie Olver)
The Sports Network
(Fergie Olver, Buck Martinez)
RadioCJCL (AM)
(Jerry Howarth, Tom Cheek)
Seasons

Transactions

Transactions by the Toronto Blue Jays during the off-season before the 1988 season.[1]

October 1987
October 6 Player rights to Tom Filer sold to the Milwaukee Brewers.
October 15 Odell Jones granted free agency.
José Segura granted free agency.
October 23 Released Charlie Moore.

November 1987
November 9 Garth Iorg granted free agency.
November 22 Craig McMurtry granted free agency.

December 1987
December 7 Joe Johnson drafted by the California Angels in the 1987 MLB Rule 5 draft.

January 1988
January 22 Juan Beníquez granted free agency.
January 25 Re-signed free agent Juan Beníquez to a one-year, $400,000 contract.
January 26 Signed amateur free agent Graeme Lloyd to a contract.

February 1988
February 22 Signed free agent Mark Ross from the Pittsburgh Pirates to a contract.

March 1988
March 24 Signed free agent Sal Butera from the Minnesota Twins to a one-year, $100,000 contract.
March 25 Player rights of Willie Upshaw sold to the Cleveland Indians.

Regular season
  • April 4, 1988: George Bell set a major league record for the most home runs hit on Opening Day, with three.[2] Bell accomplished this in a game versus the Kansas City Royals.
  • September 24 and 30, 1988: Dave Stieb had two consecutive no-hitters broken up in the ninth inning with two outs and two strikes.

Season standings
AL East W L Pct. GB Home Road
Boston Red Sox 8973 0.549 — 53–28 36–45
Detroit Tigers 8874 0.543 1 50–31 38–43
Milwaukee Brewers 8775 0.537 2 47–34 40–41
Toronto Blue Jays 8775 0.537 2 45–36 42–39
New York Yankees 8576 0.528 3½ 46–34 39–42
Cleveland Indians 7884 0.481 11 44–37 34–47
Baltimore Orioles 54107 0.335 34½ 34–46 20–61

Record vs. opponents
1988 American League record

Sources:
Team BAL BOS CAL CWS CLE DET KC MIL MIN NYY OAK SEA TEX TOR
Baltimore —4–95–74–74–95–80–124–93–93–104–87–56–65–8
Boston 9–4—8–47–58–56–76–610–37–59–43–96–68–42–11
California 7–54–8—9–48–45–75–83–94–96–64–96–78–56–6
Chicago 7–45–74–9—3–93–97–66–64–93–95–89–48–57–5
Cleveland 9–45–84–89–3—4–96–69–45–76–74–85–76–66–7
Detroit 8–57–67–59–39–4—8–45–81–118–54–89–38–45–8
Kansas City 12–06–68–56–76–64–8—3–97–66–68–57–57–64–8
Milwaukee 9–43–109–36–64–98–59–3—7–56–73–98–48–47–6
Minnesota 9–35–79–49–47–511–16–75–7—3–95–88–57–67–5
New York 10–34–96–69–37–65–86–67–69–3—6–65–75–66–7
Oakland 8–49–39–48–58–48–45–89–38–56–6—9–48–59–3
Seattle 5–76–67–64–97–53–95–74–85–87–54–9—6–75–7
Texas 6–64–85–85–86–64–86–74–86–76–55–87–6—6–6
Toronto 8–511–26–65–77–68–58–46–75–77–63–97–56–6—

Transactions

Transactions for the Toronto Blue Jays during the 1988 regular season.[3]

April 1988
April 7 Signed free agent Doug Bair from the Philadelphia Phillies to a contract.
Signed free agent Frank Wills from the Cleveland Indians to a contract.

May 1988
May 31 Released Juan Beníquez.

1988 Draft
  • June 1, 1988: David Weathers was drafted by the Toronto Blue Jays in the 3rd round of the 1988 amateur draft. Player signed June 4, 1988.

Roster
1988 Toronto Blue Jays
Roster
Pitchers Catchers

Infielders

 Outfielders

Other batters

 Manager

Coaches

Game log
1988 Game Log
April
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
1April 4@ Royals5 – 3Key (1-0)Saberhagen (0-1)Henke (1)40,6481-0
2April 6@ Royals11 – 4Flanagan (1-0)Leibrandt (0-1)18,9382-0
3April 7@ Royals7 – 4Gubicza (1-0)Clancy (0-1)29,0702-1
4April 8@ Twins6 – 3Blyleven (1-0)Stieb (0-1)Reardon (1)53,0672-2
5April 9@ Twins10 – 0Key (2-0)Lea (0-1)Ward (1)49,4513-2
6April 10@ Twins4 – 2Viola (1-1)Stottlemyre (0-1)Reardon (2)40,0863-3
7April 11Yankees17 – 9Wells (1-0)Rhoden (1-1)45,1854-3
8April 12Yankees12 – 3Candelaria (1-0)Clancy (0-2)24,1164-4
9April 13Yankees5 – 1Dotson (2-0)Stieb (0-2)24,1054-5
10April 14Yankees7 – 3Leiter (2-0)Key (2-1)24,5244-6
--April 15TwinsPostponed (cold weather) Rescheduled for August 4
11April 16Twins3 – 2Berenguer (1-2)Wells (1-1)Reardon (4)26,0954-7
12April 17Twins2 – 0Flanagan (2-0)Straker (0-1)Henke (2)37,5325-7
13April 19Royals12 – 3Clancy (1-2)Saberhagen (1-2)21,2316-7
14April 20Royals3 – 0Stieb (1-2)Leibrandt (1-3)Henke (3)20,2027-7
15April 22@ Yankees6 – 4 (12)Wells (2-1)Stoddard (1-1)Henke (4)33,3148-7
16April 23@ Yankees3 – 2Cerutti (1-0)Candelaria (1-2)Henke (5)24,0469-7
17April 24@ Yankees5 – 3Hudson (2-0)Eichhorn (0-1)52,0739-8
18April 26Athletics6 – 1Davis (2-1)Stieb (1-3)Eckersley (9)21,2809-9
19April 27Athletics5 – 3Young (1-0)Flanagan (2-1)Honeycutt (2)20,2369-10
20April 28Athletics6 – 2Stewart (6-0)Stottlemyre (0-2)Honeycutt (3)21,1789-11
21April 29Angels9 – 5Harvey (1-0)Wells (2-2)23,4839-12
22April 30Angels6 – 1Finley (2-3)Cerutti (1-1)29,0919-13
May
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
23May 1Angels6 – 4Stieb (2-3)Witt (1-3)Henke (6)36,11510-13
24May 2@ Mariners7 – 5Trout (3-2)Flanagan (2-2)Solano (2)13,19710-14
25May 3@ Mariners9 – 2Stottlemyre (1-2)Campbell (2-3)Ward (2)9,97011-14
26May 4@ Athletics3 – 2Welch (4-2)Clancy (1-3)Eckersley (11)21,40111-15
27May 5@ Athletics8 – 5Plunk (3-1)Núñez (0-1)16,99811-16
28May 6@ Angels3 – 2Stieb (3-3)Witt (1-4)Henke (7)29,23712-16
29May 7@ Angels9 – 4Flanagan (3-2)Fraser (3-2)Wells (1)32,63013-16
30May 8@ Angels8 – 1McCaskill (2-3)Stottlemyre (1-3)29,02613-17
31May 10Mariners4 – 2Langston (3-3)Clancy (1-4)28,29013-18
32May 11Mariners9 – 3Stieb (4-3)Moore (2-4)27,57514-18
33May 12Mariners8 – 2Flanagan (4-2)Swift (2-1)30,33415-18
34May 13@ White Sox4 – 1Pérez (3-0)Stottlemyre (1-4)10,58315-19
35May 14@ White Sox7 – 5LaPoint (4-2)Cerutti (1-2)Long (2)23,53215-20
36May 15@ White Sox6 – 5 (11)Thigpen (1-3)Eichhorn (0-2)13,94815-21
37May 16@ White Sox5 – 1Stieb (5-3)Horton (3-6)8,31016-21
38May 17Rangers7 – 6 (14)Mohorcic (2-0)Eichhorn (0-3)25,17016-22
39May 18Rangers4 – 0Hayward (3-0)Stottlemyre (1-5)25,02916-23
40May 20@ Brewers3 – 1Clancy (2-4)Wegman (4-5)Wells (2)19,53917-23
41May 21@ Brewers4 – 0Stieb (6-3)Bosio (6-4)Henke (8)38,12418-23
42May 22@ Brewers7 – 1Birkbeck (2-3)Flanagan (4-3)37,65818-24
43May 23@ Brewers9 – 7Jones (2-0)Stottlemyre (1-6)Plesac (9)10,52318-25
44May 24@ Rangers13 – 2Cerutti (2-2)Hayward (3-1)Henke (9)26,40819-25
45May 25@ Rangers5 – 1Russell (3-0)Clancy (2-5)Mohorcic (4)13,52819-26
46May 26@ Rangers8 – 7Williams (1-1)Henke (0-1)13,03519-27
47May 27White Sox4 – 3Ward (1-0)Thigpen (1-5)31,45420-27
48May 28White Sox3 – 2Pérez (5-1)Stottlemyre (1-7)Thigpen (8)42,42020-28
49May 29White Sox4 – 2Cerutti (3-2)LaPoint (4-4)Wells (3)42,05721-28
50May 30Brewers4 – 1Higuera (4-3)Clancy (2-6)Plesac (11)27,27521-29
51May 31Brewers9 – 0Stieb (7-3)Bosio (6-6)28,44622-29
June
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
52June 1Brewers7 – 2Flanagan (5-3)Birkbeck (2-5)Ward (3)31,01223-29
53June 2@ Red Sox5 – 4Wells (3-2)Hurst (6-3)Eichhorn (1)32,14424-29
54June 3@ Red Sox6 – 3Stottlemyre (2-7)Boyd (5-4)Henke (10)32,29225-29
55June 4@ Red Sox10 – 2Clancy (3-6)Clemens (8-3)Ward (4)33,06726-29
56June 5@ Red Sox12 – 4Ward (2-0)Smithson (1-2)33,75627-29
57June 6@ Indians6 – 3Farrell (6-3)Flanagan (5-4)Jones (13)9,55027-30
58June 7@ Indians5 – 3Bailes (6-4)Wells (3-3)21,69627-31
59June 8@ Indians4 – 2Yett (5-3)Clancy (3-7)Jones (14)10,57127-32
60June 10Red Sox3 – 0Stieb (8-3)Sellers (0-6)Henke (11)35,20128-32
61June 11Red Sox4 – 3 (10)Ward (3-0)Lamp (1-2)40,46129-32
62June 12Red Sox8 – 2Boyd (6-5)Cerutti (3-3)40,12329-33
63June 13Indians8 – 6Black (3-1)Clancy (3-8)Jones (15)31,13329-34
64June 14Indians3 – 2Ward (4-0)Candiotti (6-6)31,43330-34
65June 15Indians15 – 3Stieb (9-3)Swindell (10-4)45,47231-34
66June 16@ Tigers13 – 5Flanagan (6-4)Morris (6-8)22,92732-34
67June 17@ Tigers12 – 5Hernández (4-2)Wells (3-4)36,27432-35
68June 18@ Tigers6 – 1Terrell (3-3)Clancy (3-9)42,18632-36
69June 19@ Tigers6 – 4Ward (5-0)Henneman (1-2)Henke (12)35,63933-36
70June 20Orioles5 – 2Stieb (10-3)Boddicker (3-10)Henke (13)28,30134-36
71June 21Orioles4 – 2Peraza (1-2)Flanagan (6-5)Niedenfuer (7)28,25934-37
72June 22Orioles4 – 2Cerutti (4-3)Ballard (3-4)Ward (5)28,39535-37
73June 23Orioles5 – 2Clancy (4-9)Tibbs (2-4)Wells (4)28,25936-37
74June 24Tigers6 – 3Stottlemyre (3-7)Terrell (3-4)Henke (14)40,53337-37
75June 25Tigers7 – 2Alexander (7-4)Stieb (10-4)45,09137-38
76June 26Tigers4 – 1Flanagan (7-5)Robinson (8-3)Henke (15)45,27838-38
77June 27@ Orioles6 – 2Ballard (4-4)Cerutti (4-4)17,21238-39
78June 28@ Orioles7 – 0Tibbs li (3-4)Clancy (4-10)Thurmond (1)16,24138-40
79June 29@ Orioles4 – 2Key (3-1)Schmidt (3-3)Henke (16)18,05939-40
July
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
80July 1Athletics2 – 1Stewart (11-6)Stieb (10-5)Eckersley (24)35,24339-41
81July 2Athletics11 – 3Young (6-5)Flanagan (7-6)Nelson (3)33,51139-42
82July 3Athletics9 – 8 (16)Burns (1-0)Cerutti (4-5)32,32939-43
83July 4Angels11 – 6Cliburn (3-0)Clancy (4-11)30,58439-44
84July 5Angels4 – 1Key (4-1)Witt (6-9)Ward (6)32,28440-44
85July 6Angels5 – 4 (10)Harvey (3-2)Wells (3-5)Moore (2)31,31240-45
86July 8Mariners3 – 2Flanagan (8-6)Swift (6-6)Ward (7)30,24741-45
87July 9Mariners9 – 3Bankhead (4-3)Stottlemyre (3-8)31,37341-46
88July 10Mariners5 – 0Key (5-1)Moore (4-9)35,32342-46
89July 14@ Athletics7 – 1Flanagan (9-6)Welch (10-6)20,63943-46
90July 15@ Athletics1 – 0Key (6-1)Stewart (12-8)26,47644-46
91July 16@ Athletics4 – 1Davis (7-4)Stieb (10-6)Eckersley (27)33,28744-47
92July 17@ Athletics9 – 6Ward (6-0)Young (6-7)Henke (17)31,69545-47
93July 18@ Angels12 – 2Musselman (1-0)Finley (5-9)Clancy (1)24,24146-47
94July 19@ Angels7 – 6Henke (1-1)Harvey (4-3)24,13147-47
95July 20@ Angels7 – 6Minton (3-1)Cerutti (4-6)Moore (4)25,59847-48
96July 21@ Mariners6 – 2Bankhead (5-4)Stieb (10-7)Schooler (7)9,02447-49
97July 22@ Mariners10 – 9 (10)Schooler (2-3)Henke (1-2)10,50647-50
98July 23@ Mariners5 – 2Musselman (2-0)Trout (4-6)17,97948-50
99July 24@ Mariners6 – 0Flanagan (10-6)Langston (7-9)10,48749-50
100July 25@ Twins5 – 4Winn (1-0)Henke (1-3)31,93649-51
101July 26@ Twins6 – 3Portugal (1-1)Ward (6-1)Reardon (26)42,18549-52
102July 27@ Twins4 – 1Cerutti (5-6)Viola (16-3)Henke (18)51,68750-52
103July 29Yankees7 – 1Musselman (3-0)Dotson (8-4)42,45351-52
104July 30Yankees3 – 1Candelaria (12-6)Flanagan (10-7)Righetti (15)45,45751-53
105July 31Yankees6 – 3Rhoden (7-6)Key (6-2)Righetti (16)41,40151-54
August
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
106August 1Twins3 – 1Stieb (11-7)Viola (16-4)Henke (19)33,20652-54
107August 2Twins11 – 1Clancy (5-11)Lea (6-5)30,32753-54
108August 3Twins8 – 3Atherton (6-5)Musselman (3-1)Reardon (27)31,34053-55
109August 4Twins2 – 1Anderson (9-7)Flanagan (10-8)21,14053-56
110August 5Royals7 – 6Ward (7-1)Power (5-5)Henke (20)31,35754-56
111August 6Royals11 – 1Gubicza (14-6)Stieb (11-8)34,41154-57
112August 7Royals5 – 1Bannister (9-9)Clancy (5-12)37,30454-58
113August 8Royals5 – 1Musselman (4-1)Saberhagen (12-11)Henke (21)32,23455-58
114August 9@ Yankees6 – 3Flanagan (11-8)Candelaria (12-7)Ward (8)30,08956-58
115August 10@ Yankees5 – 0Key (7-2)Rhoden (7-8)Henke (22)28,02657-58
116August 11@ Yankees6 – 5 (11)Ward (8-1)Righetti (3-3)30,34758-58
117August 12@ Royals3 – 2Clancy (6-12)Bannister (9-10)Henke (23)31,85859-58
118August 13@ Royals2 – 0Musselman (5-1)Saberhagen (12-12)Ward (9)40,20460-58
119August 14@ Royals6 – 0Aquino (1-0)Flanagan (11-9)27,26260-59
120August 16@ White Sox5 – 4McDowell (5-8)Key (7-3)Thigpen (26)15,70660-60
121August 17@ White Sox5 – 1Reuss (9-7)Clancy (6-13)Rosenberg (1)14,36760-61
122August 19Brewers7 – 4 (10)Nieves (5-5)Ward (8-2)Plesac (29)34,17860-62
123August 20Brewers8 – 1Higuera (10-8)Flanagan (11-10)38,31560-63
124August 21Brewers8 – 4Key (8-3)August (7-6)38,42461-63
125August 22White Sox6 – 3Stieb (12-8)Reuss (9-8)30,50162-63
126August 23White Sox7 – 2Clancy (7-13)Pérez (11-8)Ward (10)28,44363-63
127August 24White Sox6 – 4Long (5-9)Musselman (5-2)Thigpen (27)33,38563-64
128August 26@ Rangers5 – 1Kilgus (11-11)Flanagan (11-11)Williams (17)13,64263-65
129August 27@ Rangers5 – 3Hough (11-14)Key (8-4)Williams (18)21,57863-66
130August 28@ Rangers6 – 5 (11)Henke (2-3)McMurtry (2-2)10,16664-66
131August 29@ Brewers6 – 1Clancy (8-13)Filer (5-8)10,20765-66
132August 30@ Brewers6 – 2Higuera (12-8)Musselman (5-3)11,87665-67
133August 31@ Brewers4 – 2August (8-6)Flanagan (11-12)Crim (8)11,99365-68
September
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
134September 1Rangers5 – 1Key (9-4)Hough (11-15)30,29466-68
135September 2Rangers7 – 6Henke (3-3)Vande Berg (1-2)30,18167-68
136September 3Rangers7 – 4Castillo (1-0)Russell (10-7)Ward (11)33,46368-68
137September 4Rangers9 – 7Cerutti (6-6)Williams (2-5)34,40069-68
138September 5@ Tigers5 – 4 (10)Stottlemyre (4-8)Hernández (5-4)Ward (12)21,91370-68
139September 6@ Tigers7 – 3Key (10-4)Alexander (11-11)Ward (13)18,29971-68
140September 7@ Tigers4 – 3Henneman (8-4)Cerutti (6-7)21,61471-69
141September 9@ Orioles8 – 1Clancy (9-13)Bautista (6-13)14,75072-69
142September 10@ Orioles7 – 4Ballard (8-11)Musselman (5-4)Williamson (2)21,94572-70
143September 11@ Orioles4 – 2Schmidt (8-4)Flanagan (11-13)Thurmond (3)19,36472-71
144September 12Tigers6 – 5Huismann (1-0)Henke (3-4)Hernández (9)31,35472-72
145September 13Tigers9 – 1Stieb (13-8)Power (5-7)32,14173-72
146September 14Tigers3 – 2Ward (9-2)Terrell (7-14)32,46974-72
147September 15Indians3 – 0Musselman (6-4)Walker (0-1)Henke (24)28,54475-72
148September 16Indians4 – 3 (10)Henke (4-4)Gordon (2-4)30,27676-72
149September 17Indians12 – 3Swindell (17-13)Key (10-5)Dedmon (1)32,06776-73
150September 18Indians4 – 0Stieb (14-8)Nichols (1-5)34,42277-73
151September 19Red Sox5 – 4Clancy (10-13)Lamp (6-5)Ward (14)28,45578-73
152September 20Red Sox13 – 2Clemens (17-11)Musselman (6-5)30,35278-74
153September 21Red Sox1 – 0Flanagan (12-13)Gardner (8-5)Ward (15)30,34479-74
154September 23@ Indians4 – 2Key (11-5)Swindell (17-14)Henke (25)7,99580-74
155September 24@ Indians1 – 0Stieb (15-8)Nichols (1-6)8,15781-74
156September 25@ Indians4 – 3Bailes (9-14)Ward (9-3)7,91581-75
157September 26@ Red Sox11 – 1Musselman (7-5)Gardner (8-6)33,95382-75
158September 27@ Red Sox15 – 9Flanagan (13-13)Smithson (9-6)34,44283-75
159September 28@ Red Sox1 – 0Key (12-5)Hurst (18-6)34,87384-75
160September 30Orioles4 – 0Stieb (16-8)Ballard (8-12)32,37485-75
October
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
161October 1Orioles7 – 3Clancy (11-13)Tibbs (4-15)Cerutti (1)32,63786-75
162October 2Orioles9 – 3Musselman (8-5)Schilling (0-3)34,04687-75

Player stats
= Indicates team leader

Starters by position

Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pos Player G AB H Avg. HR RBI
CErnie Whitt127398100.2511670
1BFred McGriff154536151.2823482
2BManuel Lee116381111.291238
3BKelly Gruber158569158.2781681
SSTony Fernández154648186.287570
LFGeorge Bell156614165.2692497
CFLloyd Moseby128472113.2391042
RFJesse Barfield137468114.2441856
DHRance Mulliniks119337101.3001248

Other batters

Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Player G AB H Avg. HR RBI
Nelson Liriano9927673.264323
Rick Leach8719955.276023
Cecil Fielder7417440.230923
Pat Borders5615442.273521
Sil Campusano7313241.218212
Sal Butera236014.23316
Juan Beníquez275817.29318
Rob Ducey275417.31506
Alexis Infante19153.20000
Lou Thornton1120.00000

Starting pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Player G IP W L ERA SO
Mike Flanagan34211.013134.1899
Dave Stieb32207.11683.04147
Jim Clancy36196.111134.49118
Jimmy Key21131.11253.2965
Todd Stottlemyre2898.0485.6967
Jeff Musselman1585.0853.1839

Other pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Player G IP W L ERA SO
John Cerutti46123.2673.1365
José Núñez1329.1013.0718

Relief pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Player G W L SV ERA SO
Tom Henke5244252.9166
Duane Ward6493153.3091
David Wells413544.6256
Mark Eichhorn370314.1928
Tony Castillo141003.0014
Frank Wills100005.2319
Doug Bair100004.058
Mark Ross30004.914

Awards and records

All-Star Game

Farm system
See also: Minor League Baseball
Level Team League Manager
AAA Syracuse Chiefs International League Bob Bailor
AA Knoxville Blue Jays Southern League Barry Foote
A Dunedin Blue Jays Florida State League Doug Ault
A Myrtle Beach Blue Jays South Atlantic League Richie Hebner
A-Short Season St. Catharines Blue Jays New York–Penn League Eddie Dennis
Rookie Medicine Hat Blue Jays Pioneer League Rocket Wheeler

[5]

References
  1. "1988 Toronto Blue Jays Trades and Transactions". baseball-reference.com. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
  2. SI.com - Statitudes - Statitudes: Opening Day 2002, By the Numbers - Sunday March 30, 2003 01:50 AM
  3. "1988 Toronto Blue Jays Trades and Transactions". baseball-reference.com. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
  4. Blue Jays All-Stars | bluejays.com: History
  5. Johnson, Lloyd, and Wolff, Miles, ed., The Encyclopedia of Minor League Baseball, 2nd and 3rd editions. Durham, North Carolina: Baseball America, 1997 and 2007
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