American soccer clubs in international competitions

This is a list of American soccer clubs in international competitions. American clubs have participated in competitive international soccer competitions since 1963, when New York Hungaria entered the 1963 CONCACAF Champions' Cup.

Unlike other major professional sports leagues in the United States, the winners of Major League Soccer are not universally considered to be world champions in their respective sport. Yearly, MLS teams will compete against other soccer clubs abroad in competitions to determine the champions of North America, the Americas, and the world.

Since 1963, American soccer clubs have won three CONCACAF Champions' Cup/Champions League titles, and finished runners-up four times.

Who qualifies for CONCACAF competitions

For the CONCACAF Champions Cup, up to nine American soccer clubs are eligible for entry into the competition. Starting in 2024, all MLS clubs (United States or Canada based) may qualify through MLS or Leagues Cup.[1]

Competition Details Since Eligible clubs Ref.
MLS Cup championMajor League Soccer (Division I) championship1996MLS-only[2]
Supporters' Shield winnerMajor League Soccer regular season winner2006[3]
Conference regular season winnerMLS Conference regular season champion of conference opposite of Shield winner2014[4][5]
Next best clubsTwo highest-ranked clubs in MLS regular season standings that have not already qualified2023[1]
Leagues Cup champion, runner-up, and third place finisherCompetition between clubs from MLS and Liga MX2023[1]
U.S. Open Cup championDomestic cup competition1963All U.S. clubs[6]

If one (or more) MLS club(s) were to qualify through multiple methods, then the next MLS club(s) with the most overall table points, regardless of conference, would qualify in the remaining slot(s). If the U.S. Open Cup champion has qualified through multiple methods, then the runner-up would fill the slot; should the runner-up have already qualified, then the next best MLS club in the overall table would earn the slot. If the Leagues Cup champion were to win the MLS Cup, then the MLS Cup runner-up would qualify to the round of 16; should the Leagues Cup slot(s) have already qualified, then MLS would be awarded with one additional slot to be given to the next best non-qualified team in the overall table.[7]

In past competitions, such as the North American SuperLiga (held from 2007 to 2010), the best teams based on regular season record to not qualify for the Champions League participated.[8]

Cups and finals

CONCACAF Champions' Cup / Champions League
Main article: CONCACAF Champions Cup
Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
LA Galaxy1120001997
D.C. United101998
Seattle Sounders FC102022
Los Angeles FC022020, 2023
New York Pancyprian-Freedoms011984
Real Salt Lake012011
Columbus Crew012024

North American SuperLiga (defunct)
Main article: North American SuperLiga
Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
New England Revolution1120082010
Houston Dynamo012008
LA Galaxy012007
Chicago Fire012009

CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup / Giants Cup (defunct)
Main article: CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup
Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
D.C. United012001

Copa Interamericana (defunct)
Main article: Copa Interamericana
Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
D.C. United101998

Leagues Cup
Main article: Leagues Cup
Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
Inter Miami CF102023
Seattle Sounders FC012021
Nashville SC012023

Emirates Cup
Main article: Emirates Cup
Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
New York Red Bulls102011

International Champions Cup
Main article: International Champions Cup
Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
New York Red Bulls012015

La Manga Cup (defunct)
Main article: La Manga Cup
Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
MetroStars102004

Pan-Pacific Championship (defunct)
Main article: Pan-Pacific Championship
Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
Houston Dynamo012008
LA Galaxy012009

Full international record

Competitive tournaments only.

FIFA Club World Championship / Club World Cup
Main article: FIFA Club World Cup
Year Team Progress Result Opponents
2001LA GalaxyGroup stageCanceled Hearts of Oak, Júbilo Iwata, Real Madrid
2022Seattle Sounders FCSecond round0–1 Al Ahly

Copa Interamericana (defunct)
Main article: Copa Interamericana
Year Team Progress Aggregate Opponents Results
1998D.C. UnitedWinners2–1 Vasco da Gama0–1 at home, 2–0 away

CONCACAF Champions' Cup / Champions League
Main article: CONCACAF Champions Cup

The competition was named CONCACAF Champions' Cup until 2008 and CONCACAF Champions League until 2024, when it was renamed back to CONCACAF Champions Cup.

Year Team Progress Aggregate Opponents Results
1962None entered
1963New York HungariaSecond round0–2 Guadalajara2–4 at home, 0–4 away
1967Philadelphia UkrainiansSemi-finals1–3 Alianza1–2 at home, 0–1 away
1968New York Greek AmericanSecond round3–7 Toluca2–3 at home, 1–4 away
1970New York Greek AmericanFirst round0–6 Cruz Azul0–1 at home, 0–5 away
1971ElizabethFirst round0–2 Cruz Azul0–0 at home, 0–2 away
Rochester LancersFinal round4th Alajuelense, Comunicaciones, Cruz Azul, Estrella, Transvaal
1972None entered
1973
1974Maccabi Los AngelesFirst round— Devonshire Colts, North Village Rams (withdrew)
1975None entered
1976New York Inter-GiulianaFirst round3–5 Toronto Italia1–2 at home, 2–3 away
1977New York Inter-GiulianaFirst round— AméricaWithdrew
1978Maccabi Los AngelesFirst round— UNAMWithdrew
1979Soccer Universidad A.C.First round0–3 UANL0–2 at home, 0–1 away
1980Sacramento GoldFirst round0–3 UNAM0–1 at home, 0–2 away
Brooklyn ItaliansSecond round3–12 UNAM2–3 at home, 0–9 away
1981None entered
1982New York Pancyprian-FreedomsFirst round— UNAMWithdrew
Brooklyn ItaliansFirst round— VidaWithdrew
1983Detroit ExpressFirst round— IndependienteWithdrew
New York Pancyprian-FreedomsSecond round3–4 Atlante1–1 at home, 2–3 away
1984Jacksonville Tea MenFirst round— VidaWithdrew
New York Pancyprian-FreedomsFinal— VioletteWithdrew along with Guadalajara
1985Chicago CroatianFirst round0–6 Olimpia0–4 at home, 0–2 away
1986New York Greek AmericanFirst round0–2 PHC Zebras0–1 at home, 0–1 away
1987St. Louis KutisFirst round0–4 Monterrey0–1 at home, 0–3 away
San Pedro YugoslavsFirst round0–4 América0–2 at home, 0–2 away
1988Seattle Mitre EaglesFirst round0–9 Cruz Azul0–0 at home, 0–9 away
Washington DiplomatsFirst round2–4 Morelia1–2 at home, 1–2 away
1989San Francisco Greek-AmericanFirst round2–6 UNAM1–1 at home, 1–5 away
St. Louis BuschFirst round2–9 U de G2–1 at home, 0–8 away
1990New York Greek AmericanFirst round1–2 St. Petersburg Kickers1–0 at home, 0–2 away
St. Petersburg KickersSecond round0–1 América0–0 at home, 0–1 away
1991A.A.C. EaglesFirst round1–4 PHC Zebras1–2 at home, 0–2 away
Brooklyn ItaliansSecond round1–6 U de G1–3 at home, 0–3 away
1992Dallas RocketsRound of 162–7 América1–2 at home, 1–5 away
San Francisco Bay BlackhawksQuarter-finals3–4 América2–1 at home, 1–3 away
1993HerculesFirst round0–4 Juventus0–2 at home, 0–2 away
1994Los Angeles SalsaFirst round2–3 Alianza2–2 at home, 0–1 away
1995None entered
1996Seattle SoundersFinal round4th Cruz Azul, Comunicaciones, Necaxa
1997D.C. UnitedConsolation match2–2 Guadalajara
LA GalaxyFinal3–5 Cruz Azul
1998Colorado RapidsPlay-in round3–4 Santos Laguna1–0 at home, 2–4 away
D.C. UnitedWinners1–0 Toluca
1999Chicago FireConsolation match2–2 D.C. United
D.C. UnitedConsolation match2–2 Chicago Fire
LA GalaxyPlay-in round1–1 (4–5 p) Necaxa
2000D.C. UnitedConsolation match1–2 Pachuca
LA GalaxyWinners3–2 Olimpia
2002Chicago FireQuarter-finals2–3 Morelia2–1 at home, 0–2 away
D.C. UnitedRound of 162–5 Comunicaciones2–1 at home, 0–4 away
Kansas City WizardsSemi-finals2–7 Morelia1–1 at home, 1–6 away
San Jose EarthquakesQuarter-finals1–3 Pachuca1–0 at home, 0–3 away
2003Columbus CrewQuarter-finals2–6 Morelia2–0 at home, 0–6 away
LA GalaxyQuarter-finals2–6 Necaxa1–2 at home, 1–4 away
New England RevolutionRound of 163–5 Alajuelense3–1 at home, 0–4 away
San Jose EarthquakesRound of 164–5 Municipal2–1 at home, 2–4 away
2004Chicago FireSemi-finals2–3 Saprissa2–1 at home, 0–2 away
San Jose EarthquakesQuarter-finals1–3 Alajuelense1–0 at home, 0–3 away
2005D.C. UnitedSemi-finals1–6 UNAM1–1 at home, 0–5 away
Kansas City WizardsQuarter-finals1–2 Saprissa0–0 at home, 1–2 away
2006LA GalaxyQuarter-finals2–3 Saprissa0–0 at home, 2–3 away
New England RevolutionQuarter-finals0–1 Alajuelense0–0 at home, 0–1 away
2007D.C. UnitedSemi-finals2–3 Guadalajara1–1 at home, 1–2 away
Houston DynamoSemi-finals4–5 Pachuca2–0 at home, 2–5 away
2008D.C. UnitedSemi-finals1–6 Pachuca1–1 at home, 0–5 away
Houston DynamoSemi-finals0–3 Saprissa0–0 at home, 0–3 away
2008–09Chivas USAPreliminary round1–3 Tauro1–1 at home, 0–2 away
D.C. United4th in group stage— Cruz Azul, Marathón, Saprissa
Houston DynamoQuarter-finals1–4 Atlante1–1 at home, 0–3 away
New England RevolutionPreliminary round1–6 Joe Public0–4 at home, 1–2 away
2009–10Columbus CrewQuarter-finals4–5 Toluca2–2 at home, 2–3 away
D.C. United3rd in group stage— Marathón, San Juan Jabloteh, Toluca
Houston Dynamo3rd in group stage— Árabe Unido, Isidro Metapán, Pachuca
New York Red BullsPreliminary round3–4 W Connection1–2 at home, 2–2 away
2010–11Columbus CrewQuarter-finals1–4 Real Salt Lake0–0 at home, 1–4 away
LA GalaxyPreliminary round3–5 Puerto Rico Islanders1–4 at home, 2–1 away
Real Salt LakeFinal2–3 Monterrey0–1 at home, 2–2 away
Seattle Sounders FC4th in group stage— Marathón, Monterrey, Saprissa
2011–12Colorado Rapids3rd in group stage— Isidro Metapán, Real España, Santos Laguna
LA GalaxyQuarter-finals3–4 Toronto FC1–2 at home, 2–2 away
FC Dallas3rd in group stage— Tauro, Toronto FC, UNAM
Seattle Sounders FCQuarter-finals3–7 Santos Laguna2–1 at home, 1–6 away
2012–13LA GalaxySemi-finals1–3 Monterrey0–1 at home, 1–2 away
Houston DynamoQuarter-finals1–3 Santos Laguna1–0 at home, 0–3 away
Real Salt Lake2nd in group stage— Herediano, Tauro
Seattle Sounders FCSemi-finals1–2 Santos Laguna0–1 at home, 1–1 away
2013–14Houston Dynamo2nd in group stage— Árabe Unido, W Connection
LA GalaxyQuarter-finals3–4 Tijuana1–0 at home, 2–4 away
San Jose EarthquakesQuarter-finals2–2 (4–5 p) Toluca1–1 at home, 1–1 away
Sporting Kansas CityQuarter-finals2–5 Cruz Azul1–0 at home, 1–5 away
2014–15D.C. UnitedQuarter-finals4–6 Alajuelense2–1 at home, 2–5 away
New York Red Bulls2nd in group stage— Montreal Impact, FAS
Portland Timbers2nd in group stage— Alpha United, Olimpia
Sporting Kansas City2nd in group stage— Real Estelí, Saprissa
2015–16D.C. UnitedQuarter-finals1–3 Querétaro1–1 at home, 0–2 away
LA GalaxyQuarter-finals0–4 Santos Laguna0–0 at home, 0–4 away
Real Salt LakeQuarter-finals1–3 UANL1–1 at home, 0–2 away
Seattle Sounders FCQuarter-finals3–5 América2–2 at home, 1–3 away
2016–17FC DallasSemi-finals3–4 Pachuca2–1 at home, 1–3 away
New York Red BullsQuarter-finals1–3 Vancouver Whitecaps FC1–1 at home, 0–2 away
Portland Timbers2nd in group stage— Dragón, Saprissa
Sporting Kansas City2nd in group stage— Central, Vancouver Whitecaps FC
2018Colorado RapidsRound of 160–2 Toronto FC0–2 at home, 0–0 away
FC DallasRound of 163–3 (a) Tauro3–2 at home, 0–1 away
New York Red BullsSemi-finals0–1 Guadalajara0–0 at home, 0–1 away
Seattle Sounders FCQuarter-finals1–3 Guadalajara1–0 at home, 0–3 away
2019Atlanta United FCQuarter-finals1–3 Monterrey1–0 at home, 0–3 away
Houston DynamoQuarter-finals0–3 UANL0–2 at home, 0–1 away
New York Red BullsQuarter-finals2–6 Santos Laguna0–2 at home, 2–4 away
Sporting Kansas CitySemi-finals2–10 Monterrey2–5 at home, 0–5 away
2020Atlanta United FCQuarter-finals1–3 América1–0 at home, 0–3 away
Los Angeles FCFinal1–2 UANL
New York City FCQuarter-finals0–5 UANL0–1 at home, 0–4 away
Seattle Sounders FCRound of 164–4 (2–4 p) Olimpia2–2 at home, 2–2 away
2021Atlanta United FCQuarter-finals1–4 Philadelphia Union0–3 at home, 1–1 away
Columbus CrewQuarter-finals2–5 Monterrey2–2 at home, 0–3 away
Philadelphia UnionSemi-finals0–4 América0–2 at home, 0–2 away
Portland TimbersQuarter-finals2–4 América1–1 at home, 1–3 away
2022Colorado RapidsRound of 161–1 (3–4 p) Comunicaciones1–0 at home, 0–1 away
New England RevolutionQuarter-finals3–3 (3–4 p) UNAM3–0 at home, 0–3 away
New York City FCSemi-finals2–4 Seattle Sounders FC1–1 at home, 1–3 away
Seattle Sounders FCWinners5–2 UNAM3–0 at home, 2–2 away
2023Austin FCRound of 162–3 Violette2–0 at home, 0–3 away
Los Angeles FCFinal1–3 León0–1 at home, 1–2 away
Orlando City SCRound of 161–1 (a) UANL1–1 at home, 0–0 away
Philadelphia UnionSemi-finals1–4 Los Angeles FC1–1 at home, 0–3 away
2024FC CincinnatiRound of 161–3 Monterrey0–1 at home, 1–2 away
Columbus CrewFinal0–3 Pachuca
Houston DynamoRound of 161–2 Columbus Crew0–1 at home, 1–1 away
Inter Miami CFQuarter-finals2–5 Monterrey1–2 at home, 1–3 away
Nashville SCRound of 163–5 Inter Miami CF2–2 at home, 1–3 away
New England RevolutionQuarter-finals2–9 América0–4 at home, 2–5 away
Orlando City SCRound of 162–4 UANL0–0 at home, 2–4 away
Philadelphia UnionRound of 160–6 Pachuca0–0 at home, 0–6 away
St. Louis City SCRound one2–2 (a) Houston Dynamo2–1 at home, 0–1 away

North American SuperLiga (defunct)
Year Team Progress Result Opponent(s)
2007D.C. UnitedSemi-finals0–2 LA Galaxy
FC Dallas4th in group stage— Guadalajara, LA Galaxy, Pachuca
Houston DynamoSemi-finals2–2 (3–4 p) Pachuca
LA GalaxyFinal1–1 (3–4 p) Pachuca
2008Chivas USA3rd in group stage— New England Revolution, Pachuca, Santos Laguna
D.C. United4th in group stage— Atlante, Guadalajara, Houston Dynamo
Houston DynamoFinal2–2 (5–6 p) New England Revolution
New England RevolutionWinners2–2 (6–5 p) Houston Dynamo
2009Chicago FireFinal1–1 (3–4 p) UANL
Chivas USA4th in group stage— Chicago Fire, San Luis, UANL
Kansas City Wizards4th in group stage— Atlas, New England Revolution, Santos Laguna
New England RevolutionSemi-finals1–2 Chicago Fire
2010Chicago Fire3rd in group stage— Morelia, New England Revolution, UNAM
Chivas USA3rd in group stage— Houston Dynamo, Pachuca, Puebla
Houston DynamoSemi-finals0–1 Morelia
New England RevolutionFinal1–2 Morelia

CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup / Giants Cup (defunct)
Main article: CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup
Year Team Progress Aggregate Opponents Results
1991Brooklyn ItaliansFirst round1–6 U de G0–3 at home, 1–3 away
1994El FarolitoQuarter-finals1–5 Necaxa0–0 at home, 1–5 away
1995New York Greek AmericanFirst round— TecosWithdrew
1996Richmond KickersSecond round— SirocoCanceled
1997Dallas Burn3rd in group stage— Cruz Azul, Necaxa
2001Columbus CrewQuarter-finals1–3 Saprissa1–1 at home, 0–2 away
D.C. UnitedFinal0–2 América

Campeones Cup
Main article: Campeones Cup
Year Team Result Opponents
2019 Atlanta United FC 3–2 América
2020 Seattle Sounders FC Canceled
2021 Columbus Crew 2–0 Cruz Azul
2022 New York City FC 2–0 Atlas
2023 Los Angeles FC 0–0 (2–4 p) UANL

Leagues Cup
Main article: Leagues Cup
Year Team Progress Result Opponents
2019Chicago FireQuarter-finals0–2 Cruz Azul
Houston DynamoQuarter-finals1–1 (5–6 p) América
LA GalaxySemi-finals1–2 Cruz Azul
Real Salt LakeQuarter-finals0–1 UANL
2020D.C. UnitedCanceled
LA Galaxy
Minnesota United FC
New York Red Bulls
Philadelphia Union
Portland Timbers
Real Salt Lake
2021New York City FCQuarter-finals1–1 (2–3 p) UNAM
Orlando City SCQuarter-finals0–1 Santos Laguna
Seattle Sounders FCFinal2–3 León
Sporting Kansas CityQuarter-finals1–6 León
From 2023 onward, all MLS clubs qualified.

Copa Sudamericana
Main article: Copa Sudamericana
Year Team Progress Aggregate Opponents Results
2005D.C. UnitedRound of 163–4 Universidad Católica1–1 at home, 2–3 away
2007D.C. UnitedRound of 162–2 (a) Guadalajara2–1 at home, 0–1 away

Copa Merconorte (defunct)
Main article: Copa Merconorte
Year Team Progress Aggregate Opponents Results
2001Kansas City Wizards3rd in group stage— Barcelona, Santos Laguna, Sporting Cristal
MetroStars3rd in group stage— Deportivo Italchacao, Guadalajara, Millonarios

Appearances in CONCACAF competitions

As of March 11, 2021.

Club Total Stats[A] CL SL GC CWC Other First Appearance Last Appearance
Apps Pld W D L Win%
A.A.C. Eagles12002.000100001991 CONCACAF Champions' Cup1991 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Atlanta United FC39613.650200012019 CONCACAF Champions League2021 CONCACAF Champions League
Brooklyn Italians410217.250301001980 CONCACAF Champions' Cup1991 CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup
Chicago Croatian12002.000100001985 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Chicago Fire6201037.575320011999 CONCACAF Champions' Cup2019 Leagues Cup
Chivas USA411245.364130002008 North American SuperLiga2010 North American SuperLiga
Colorado Rapids410325.400300011998 CONCACAF Champions' Cup2018 CONCACAF Champions League
Columbus Crew522859.477401002001 CONCACAF Giants Cup2021 CONCACAF Champions League
Dallas Rockets18512.688100001992 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
D.C. United1762261323.5241221021997 CONCACAF Champions' Cup2020 Leagues Cup
Detroit Express12002.000100001983 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
El Farolito11001.000001001994 CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup
Elizabeth12011.250100001971 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
FC Dallas[B]523959.500311001997 CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup2018 CONCACAF Champions League
Hercules12002.000100001993 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Houston Dynamo1141161213.537730012007 CONCACAF Champions' Cup2019 Leagues Cup
Jacksonville Tea Men12002.000100001984 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
LA Galaxy1352241414.5961010111997 CONCACAF Champions' Cup2019 Leagues Cup
Los Angeles FC15302.600100002020 CONCACAF Champions League
Los Angeles Salsa12011.250100001994 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Maccabi Los Angeles24022.250200001974 CONCACAF Champions' Cup1978 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
New England Revolution620956.575330002003 CONCACAF Champions' Cup2010 North American SuperLiga
New York City FC24202.500100012020 CONCACAF Champions League2021 Leagues Cup
New York Greek American5133010.231401001968 CONCACAF Champions' Cup1995 CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup
New York Hungaria14121.500100001963 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
New York Inter-Giuliana24004.000200001976 CONCACAF Champions' Cup1977 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
New York Pancyprian-Freedoms316475.469300001982 CONCACAF Champions' Cup1984 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
New York Red Bulls[C]7271179.537500022001 Copa Merconorte2019 CONCACAF Champions League
Orlando City SC10000–000012021 Leagues Cup
Philadelphia Ukrainians12002.000100001967 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Philadelphia Union111001.000100002021 CONCACAF Champions League
Portland Timbers39522.667300002014–15 CONCACAF Champions League2021 CONCACAF Champions League
Real Salt Lake4231166.609300012010–11 CONCACAF Champions League2019 Leagues Cup
Richmond Kickers14220.750001001996 CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup
Rochester Lancers17322.571100001971 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Sacramento Gold12002.000100001980 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
San Francisco Bay Blackhawks16501.833100001992 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
San Francisco Greek-American12011.250100001989 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
San Jose Earthquakes414725.571400002002 CONCACAF Champions' Cup2013–14 CONCACAF Champions League
San Pedro Yugoslavs12002.000100001987 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Seattle Mitre Eagles12011.250100001988 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Seattle Sounders FC[D]83817615.526700011996 CONCACAF Champions' Cup2021 Leagues Cup
Soccer Universidad12002.000100001979 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
St. Louis Busch12101.500100001989 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
St. Louis Kutis12002.000100001987 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
St. Petersburg Kickers13102.333100001990 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Sporting Kansas City[E]93814816.474610022001 Copa Merconorte2021 Leagues Cup
Washington Diplomats12002.000100001988 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Total155539209115215.494114167117

Notes
  1. ^
    For statistical purposes if a team withdrew or forfeited a match, each match that was withdrawn or forfeited is counted as a loss. Double forfeits are counted as a draw. Finally, matches where a team advanced because their opponent with draw are counted as a win for each match their opponent withdrew.
  2. ^
    FC Dallas were called the Dallas Burn from 1996–2004.[9]
  3. ^
    New York Red Bulls were called the MetroStars from 1994–2006.[10]
  4. ^
    This includes CONCACAF and international records collectively held by the NASL Sounders, USL Sounders, and the MLS Sounders.
  5. ^
    Sporting Kansas City were called the Kansas City Wiz from 1995–1996, and Kansas City Wizards from 1996–2011.[11]

See also

References
  1. "Concacaf announces qualification criteria for Confederation's expanded Champions League starting in 2024". CONCACAF. June 30, 2022 [First published June 1, 2022]. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved November 13, 2022.
  2. "2011–12 Champions League Qualification". CONCACAF. Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved June 18, 2011.
  3. "Colorado clinch spot in 2017 CONCACAF Champions League, joining Dallas, TFC". MLSsoccer.com. Archived from the original on October 19, 2016. Retrieved November 22, 2016.
  4. "Portland Timbers headed to 2014-15 CONCACAF Champions League after USSF rule change approved". mlssoccer.com. Major League Soccer. Archived from the original on March 26, 2014. Retrieved December 14, 2013.
  5. "CONCACAF Approves U.S. Soccer's/MLS Request to Amend Their Qualification Process to CONCACAF Champions League". CONCACAF.com. December 13, 2013. Archived from the original on October 8, 2014. Retrieved April 20, 2018.
  6. "Qualifying Format Unveiled for 2008-09 CONCACAF Champions League" (Press release). New York City: Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football. May 14, 2008. Archived from the original on March 17, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2014.
  7. "2024 Concacaf Champions Cup Regulations" (PDF). Concacaf. October 25, 2023. pp. 14–19. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 26, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
  8. "MLS announces competition changes for 2009". November 21, 2008. Archived from the original on February 15, 2009. Retrieved November 21, 2008.
  9. Hall, Cheryl (July 13, 2013). "Lamar Hunt's soccer vision a pipe dream no more, sons say". The Dallas Morning News. Archived from the original on July 15, 2013. Retrieved August 28, 2015.
  10. Jensen, Ric; Wang, Yawei. "How Do Fans React When Sports Teams Are Named After Corporations?". The Sport Journal. Archived from the original on February 22, 2008. Retrieved December 5, 2015.
  11. "Pro Lax in Kansas City?!". Central Iowa Lacrosse & Sports Ramblings. November 22, 2010. Archived from the original on October 2, 2013.
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