Ectrichodiinae

The Ectrichodiinae are a subfamily of assassin bugs (Reduviidae) known for specializing on millipedes as prey.[1] The group comprises more than 600 species in about 115 genera,[2] making it a fairly large subfamily. The bugs are also known for their aposematic coloration, often brightly colored metallic blue, red, or yellow.

Ectrichodiinae
An unidentified ectrichodine preying on a millipede
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Heteroptera
Family: Reduviidae
Subfamily: Ectrichodiinae
Amyot and Serville, 1843
Tribes
  • Abelocephalini Forthman and Weirauch, 2017
  • Ectrichodiini Amyot and Serville, 1843
  • Tribelocephalini Stål, 1862
  • Tribelocodiini Forthman and Weirauch, 2017
  • Xenocaucini Maldonado, 1996

Species of this subfamily hide under leaf litter and sometimes boulders and hunt at night.[3]

Females have wing reduction and or/ extreme sexual dimorphism.[4]

Genera

The following genera are recognised in the subfamily Ectrichodiinae:[5]

Tribe Abelocephalini Forthman and Weirauch, 2017
  • Abelocephala Maldonado, 1996
  • Afrodecius Jeannel, 1919
  • Apocaucus Distant, 1909
  • Enigmocephala Rédei, 2007
  • Gastrogyrus Bergroth, 1921
  • Homognetus Bergroth, 1923
  • Matangocoris Miller, 1940
  • Megapocaucus Miller, 1954


Tribe Ectrichodiini Amyot and Serville, 1843
  • Adrania Stål, 1863
  • Afrocastra Breddin, 1903
  • Antiopula Bergroth, 1863
  • Antiopuloides Miller, 1952
  • Audernaculus Miller, 1941
  • Audernacus Distant, 1904
  • Austrokatanga Weirauch, Rabitsch and Rédei, 2009
  • Bannania Hsiao, 1973
  • Bayerus Distant, 1904
  • Bergeviniella Villiers, 1948
  • Borgmeierina Wygodzinsky, 1949
  • Brisbanocoris Miller, 1957
  • Brontostoma Kirkaldy, 1904
  • Caecina Stål, 1863
  • Caloundranius Miller, 1957
  • Centraspis Schaum in Peters and Schaum, 1853
  • Centropleurocoris Miller, 1955
  • Choucoris Cai in Cai, Yan and Chen, 2000
  • Cimbus Hahn, 1831
  • Cleptria Stål, 1853
  • Colastocoris Miller, 1959
  • Cricetopareis Breddin, 1903
  • Cryptonannus Dougherty, 1995
  • Daraxa Stål, 1859
  • Distirogaster Horváth, 1914
  • Dithectocoris Swanson, 2017
  • Ditulocoris Miller, 1955
  • Doblepardocoris Dougherty, 1995
  • Dystecta Breddin, 1901
  • Ectrichodia Lepeletier and Serville, 1825
  • Ectrychotes Burmeister, 1835
  • Ectrychotoides Miller, 1954
  • Gibbosella Chlond, 2010
  • Glymmatophora Stål, 1853
  • Guionius Distant, 1909
  • Haematoloecha Stål, 1874
  • Haematorrhophus Stål, 1874
  • Hemihaematorrhophus Murugan and Livingstone, 1995
  • Hexamerocerus Reuter, 1881
  • Idiocleptria Miller, 1956
  • Kasaka Schouteden, 1952
  • Katanga Schouteden, 1903
  • Labidocoris Mayr, 1865
  • Lamprogastocoris Miller, 1952
  • Leptomendis Breddin, 1903
  • Libaviellus Miller, 1941
  • Libavius Distant, 1904
  • Libyomendis Breddin, 1903
  • Luluacoris Villiers, 1972
  • Lyramna Breddin, 1900
  • Maraenaspis Karsch, 1892
  • Margacoris D. J. Carpintero, 1980
  • Marojejycoris Forthman, Chlond and Weirauch, 2016
  • Mascaregnasa Distant, 1909
  • Menbyolidis Villiers, 1948
  • Mendis Stål, 1859
  • Mendola Breddin, 1900
  • Microsanta Breddin, 1903
  • Microstemmatodes Putshkov, 1985
  • Microstemmella Miller, 1952
  • Microstemmidea Miller, 1952
  • Mimocleptria Horváth, 1914
  • Miomerocerus Karsch, 1892
  • Nannocleptria Miller, 1952
  • Nebriscoides Miller, 1957
  • Nebriscus Bergroth, 1895
  • Neobayerus Miller, 1954
  • Neohaematorrhophus Ambrose and Livingstone, 1986
  • Neolibavius Miller, 1941
  • Neosantosia Miller, 1941
  • Neoscadra Miller, 1941
  • Neoscadroides Miller, 1954
  • Neozirta Distant, 1919
  • Nularda Stål, 1859
  • Okondo Schouteden, 1931
  • Paracleptria Miller, 1952
  • Paralibavius Paiva, 1919
  • Parascadra Miller, 1954
  • Paravilius Miller, 1955
  • Philodoxus Horváth, 1914
  • Pothea Amyot and Serville, 1843
  • Preangerocoris Miller, 1954
  • Pseudodaraxa D. J. Carpintero, 1980
  • Pseudopothea Wygodzinsky, 1951
  • Pseudozirta Bérenger and Gil-Santana, 2005
  • Pyrodocoris Miller, 1955
  • Quercetanus Distant, 1904
  • Quinssyana Distant, 1913
  • Racelda Signoret, 1863
  • Rellimocoris Dougherty, 1982
  • Rhiginia Stål, 1859
  • Rhysostethus Hsiao, 1973
  • Rochonia Distant, 1913
  • Santosia Stål, 1858
  • Scadra Stål, 1859
  • Scadrana Miller, 1954
  • Schmitzicoris Villiers, 1976
  • Schottus Distant, 1902
  • Schuhella Dougherty, 1995
  • Sciaphilocoris Miller, 1949
  • Sinchocoris Dougherty, 1995
  • Sphinctocoris Mayr, 1865
  • Synavecoris Villiers, 1968
  • Synectrychotes Livingstone and Murugan, 1987
  • Tamaonia China, 1940
  • Tanindrazanus Forthman, Chlond and Weirauch, 2016
  • Tasmanocoris Miller, 1952
  • Toliarus Forthman, Chlond and Weirauch, 2016
  • Toxopeusiana Miller, 1954
  • Toxopus Bergroth, 1905
  • Tracasafra Villiers, 1948
  • Travassocoris Wygodzinsky, 1947
  • Triclepola Villiers, 1948
  • Vilius Stål, 1863
  • Wygodzinskyocoris Dougherty, 1995
  • Xarada D. J. Carpintero, 1980
  • Xenorhyncocoris Miller, 1938
  • Zirta Stål, 1859
  • Zombocoris Miller, 1952


Tribe Tribelocephalini Stål, 1862
  • Acanthorhinocoris Miller, 1940
  • Centrogastocoris Miller, 1958
  • Distantus Villiers, 1943
  • Opistoplatys Westwood, 1834
  • Plectrophorocoris Miller, 1958
  • Redeicephala Davranoglou, 2016
  • Tomolus Stål, 1874
  • Tribelocephala Stål, 1853


Tribe Tribelocodiini Forthman and Weirauch, 2017
  • Ectrichodiella Fracker and Bruner, 1924
  • Tribelocodia Weirauch, 2010


Tribe Xenocaucini Maldonado, 1996
  • Xenocaucus China and Usinger, 1949

References
Wikispecies has information related to Ectrichodiinae.
  1. Heteropteran Systematics Lab @ UCR. "Unlikely relationships: Ectrichodiinae + Tribelocephalinae". Archived from the original on July 17, 2010. Retrieved Jan 14, 2010.
  2. (Maldonado 1990),
  3. Christiane Weirauch; Wolfgang Rabitsch; David Redei. "Austrokatanga, gen. nov., new genus of Ectrichodiinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) from Australia" (PDF). Zootaxa 2094: 1–15 (2009).
  4. FORTHMAN, MICHAEL; WEIRAUCH, CHRISTIANE (2017-06-06). "Millipede assassins and allies (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae, Tribelocephalinae): total evidence phylogeny, revised classification and evolution of sexual dimorphism". Systematic Entomology. 42 (3): 575–595. doi:10.1111/syen.12232. ISSN 0307-6970.
  5. "ITIS - Report: Ectrichodiinae". www.itis.gov. Retrieved 2024-05-29.
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