Phytobia


Phytobia is a genus of flies in the family Agromyzidae,[5] with a worldwide distribution principally in Europe and the Americas.[5]

Phytobia
Phytobia lateralis
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Family: Agromyzidae
Subfamily: Phytomyzinae
Genus: Phytobia
Lioy, 1864[1]
Type species
Agromyza errans
Meigen, 1830[2]
Synonyms

Description

All known larvae of Phytobia feed on the young xylem within stems of woody plants, creating concealed galleries that may reach considerable lengths (reportedly up to 17 m in P. betulae).[6][7] P. betulae lays its eggs on the bark of new-growth twigs of suitable birch trees and, after hatching, larvae tunnel downwards along the shoot within the differentiating xylem layer, sometimes reaching the base of the tree. Adults are small- to medium-sized flies (approximately 5 mm in the case of P. betulae).[6] Confirmed host plant families for Phytobia species include Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae, and Cupressaceae in North America, Europe, and Australia, with Asteraceae also hypothesized to be a host family based on the finding of possible larval sign on the shrub Wedelia calycina in Guadeloupe.[6][7] Larval tunnels mar the appearance of certain woods used commercially, and thus may be of economic importance.[7]

Species
  • Phytobia aethiops (Walker, 1853)[8]
  • Phytobia alocomentula Sasakawa, 1996
  • Phytobia amazonica Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia amelanchieris (Greene, 1917)[10]
  • Phytobia aucupariae (Kangas, 1949)
  • Phytobia betulivora Spencer, 1969[11]
  • Phytobia bifida Zlobin, 2002[12]
  • Phytobia bifistula Sasakawa, 2004[13]
  • Phytobia bimaculata Sasakawa, 2013[14]
  • Phytobia bohemica Cerný, 2001
  • Phytobia brincki Spencer, 1965[15]
  • Phytobia cacaulandia Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia californica Spencer, 1981[16]
  • Phytobia cambii (Hendel, 1931)
  • Phytobia carbonaria (Zetterstedt, 1848)[17]
  • Phytobia caudata Sasakawa, 2013[14]
  • Phytobia cerasiferae (Kangas, 1955)
  • Phytobia clypeolata Sasakawa, 1996
  • Phytobia colorata Spencer, 1977[18]
  • Phytobia communis Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia confessa Spencer, 1969[11]
  • Phytobia conigera Sasakawa, 2013[14]
  • Phytobia correntosana (Malloch, 1934)[19]
  • Phytobia coylesi Spencer, 1969[11]
  • Phytobia cucullata Sasakawa, 2013[14]
  • Phytobia delicata Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia diversata Spencer, 1961[20]
  • Phytobia dorsocentralis (Frost, 1936)[21]
  • Phytobia ecuadorensis Spencer, 1977[22]
  • Phytobia errans (Meigen, 1830)[2]
  • Phytobia fausta Spencer, 1977[18]
  • Phytobia flavifrontalis Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia flavohumeralis Sehgal, 1968[23]
  • Phytobia flavosquamata (Spencer, 1959)[24]
  • Phytobia frutescens Sasakawa, 1996
  • Phytobia furcata (Sasakawa, 1963)
  • Phytobia fusca Sasakawa, 1996
  • Phytobia gigas Spencer, 1966[25]
  • Phytobia graeca Cerný, 2011[26]
  • Phytobia grandissima Singh & Ipe, 1973
  • Phytobia guatemalensis Sasakawa, 2005[27]
  • Phytobia harai Sasakawa, 1994[28]
  • Phytobia hirticula (Sasakawa, 1963)
  • Phytobia incerta Spencer, 1963[29]
  • Phytobia indecora (Malloch, 1918)[30]
  • Phytobia insulana Spencer, 1977[18]
  • Phytobia inusitata Spencer, 1966[31]
  • Phytobia ipeii Singh & Tandon, 1966
  • Phytobia iridis (Hendel, 1927)[32]
  • Phytobia kallima Frost, 1936[21]
  • Phytobia kuhlmanni Spencer, 1966[33]
  • Phytobia lamasi Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia lanei Spencer, 1966[33]
  • Phytobia liepae Spencer, 1977[18]
  • Phytobia lineata Sasakawa, 1955[34]
  • Phytobia longipes Sasakawa, 1988[35]
  • Phytobia lunulata Hendel, 1920[36]
  • Phytobia luzonensis Sasakawa, 1996
  • Phytobia maai (Spencer, 1962)[37]
  • Phytobia macalpinei Spencer, 1977[18]
  • Phytobia magna (Sasakawa, 1963)
  • Phytobia malabarensis Spencer, 1977[18]
  • Phytobia mallochi (Hendel, 1924)[38]
  • Phytobia manifesta Spencer, 1977[18]
  • Phytobia matura Spencer, 1973[39]
  • Phytobia megapodema Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia mentula Sasakawa, 1992[40]
  • Phytobia millarae Spencer, 1977[41]
  • Phytobia monsonensis Sasakawa, 1992[40]
  • Phytobia morio (Brischke, 1881)[42]
  • Phytobia multisetosa Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia nigeriensis Spencer, 1977
  • Phytobia nigrita (Malloch, 1914)[43]
  • Phytobia niheii Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia optabilis Spencer, 1977[18]
  • Phytobia pallida Spencer, 1986[44]
  • Phytobia pansa Sasakawa, 1996
  • Phytobia papillata Sasakawa, 2013[14]
  • Phytobia paranaensis (Spencer, 1966)[33]
  • Phytobia peruensis Spencer, 1977[22]
  • Phytobia pipinna Sasakawa, 1992[40]
  • Phytobia planipalpis Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia powelli Spencer, 1981[16]
  • Phytobia prolata (Sasakawa, 1963)
  • Phytobia propincua (Sasakawa, 1963)
  • Phytobia pruinosa (Coquillett, 1902)[45]
  • Phytobia pruni (Grossenbacher, 1915)
  • Phytobia prunivora Spencer, 1981[16]
  • Phytobia pseudobetulivora Zlobin, 2008[46]
  • Phytobia pyri Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia rabelloi Spencer, 1966[33]
  • Phytobia ruandensis (Spencer, 1959)[24]
  • Phytobia sasakawai Spencer, 1989[47]
  • Phytobia semibifurcata Zlobin, 2002[12]
  • Phytobia seticopia (Sasakawa, 1963)
  • Phytobia setitibialis Sasakawa, 1992
  • Phytobia setosa (Loew, 1869)[48]
  • Phytobia shizukoae Spencer, 1965[15]
  • Phytobia simpla Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia sinuosa Sasakawa, 2013[14]
  • Phytobia spinifera Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
  • Phytobia spinulosa Sasakawa, 1992
  • Phytobia subdiversata Sasakawa, 1996
  • Phytobia terminalis (Sasakawa, 1963)
  • Phytobia torulosa Sasakawa, 2013[14]
  • Phytobia triangularis (Sasakawa, 2013)[14]
  • Phytobia triplicis Zlobin, 2002[12]
  • Phytobia unica Spencer, 1973[39]
  • Phytobia vanduzeei Spencer, 1981[16]
  • Phytobia vilkamaai Zlobin, 2002[12]
  • Phytobia vindhyaensis Singh & Ipe, 1973
  • Phytobia waltoni (Malloch, 1913)[49]
  • Phytobia xanthophora (Schiner, 1868)[50]
  • Phytobia xizangensis (Chen & Wang, 2008)[51]

References
  1. Lioy, P. (1864). "I ditteri distribuiti secondo un nuovo metodo di classificazione naturale da Paolo Lioy colla descrizione delle famiglie e dei generi, colla indicazione delle specie trovate indigene nell'Italia settentrionale o che per analogie geografiche sarà facile incontrarvi, e con osservazioni sulla loro storia naturale, compilate particolarmente sull'opera di Macquart, Histoire naturelle dei dipteres, e su altri studi propri e di più recenti entomologi [part]". Atti dell'Imperial Regio Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti (3). 9 (5): 569–604.
  2. Meigen, J. W. (1830). Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten. (Volume 6) (PDF) (in German). Schulz-Wundermann. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-09.
  3. Enderlein, G. (1936). "Notizen zur Klassifikation der Agromyziden (Dipt.)". Mitteilungen der Deutsche Entomologische Gesellschaft. 7: 42.
  4. Sasakawa, M. (1963). "Oriental Agromyzidae (Diptera) in Bishop Museum, part 1". Pacific Insects. 5: 23–50.
  5. Spencer, Kenneth A. (1973). Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Economic importance Series Entomologica. Vol. 9. The Hague. D. Gld.: Dr. W. Junk bv. pp. xii + 418 p.
  6. Lieutier, François; Day, Keith R.; Battisti, Andrea; Grégoire, Jean-Claude; Evans, Hugh F. (2007). Bark and Wood Boring Insects in Living Trees in Europe, a Synthesis. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 534–537. ISBN 978-1-4020-2241-8.
  7. Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de; Couri, Márcia Souto (2017-12-18). "Phytobia (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species, new record and a key to the Neotropical species" (PDF). Zoologia. 34: 1–25. doi:10.3897/zoologia.34.e12308. ISSN 1984-4689.
  8. Walker, Frances (1853). Diptera. Part IV, pp. 253-474, pls. 7-8. In [Saunders, W. W. (ed.)], Insecta Saundersiana: or characters of undescribed insects in the collection of William Wilson Sauders, Esq., F.R.S., F.L.S., &c. Vol. 1. London: Van Voorst. pp. 1–474.
  9. Sousa, V.R. de; Couri, M.S. (2017). "Phytobia (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species, new record and a key to the Neotropical species". Zoologia. 34: 25 pp.
  10. Greene, C.T. (1917). "Two new cambium miners (Diptera)". J. Agric. Res. 10: 313–318, 1 pl.
  11. Spencer, K.A. (1969). "The Agromyzidae of Canada and Alaska". Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada. 64: 311 pp.
  12. Zlobin, V.V. (2002). "Contribution to the knowledge of Oriental species of the genus Phytobia Lioy (Diptera: Agromyzidae)". Dipterological Research. 13 (1): 67–81.
  13. Sasakawa, M. (2004). "A revision of Melanesian Agromyzidae (Diptera)". Scientific Reports of Kyoto Prefectural University Human Environment and Agriculture. 56: 75–100.
  14. Sasakawa, M. (2013). "Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) – 3". The Science Reports of Kyoto Prefectural University Life and Environmental Sciences. 65: 9–37.
  15. Spencer, K.A. (1965). "Notes on the African Agromyzidae (Diptera) - 6". Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa. 28: 233–276.
  16. Spencer, K.A. (1981). "A revisionary study of the leaf-mining flies (Agromyzidae) of California". Univ. Calif., Div. Agric. Sci., Spec. Publ. No. 3273: 489 pp.
  17. Zetterstedt, J.W. (1848). Diptera Scandinaviae disposita et descipta. Tomus septimus. Lundae [= Lund.].: Officina Lundbergiana. pp. 2581–2934.
  18. Spencer, K.A. (1977). "A revision of the Australian Agromyzidae (Diptera)". Western Austr. Mus. Spec. Publ. 8: 255 pp.
  19. Malloch, J.R. (1934). "Acalyptrata (concl.)". Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. 6: 393–489.
  20. Spencer, K.A. (1961). "A synopsis of the Oriental Agromyzidae (Diptera)". Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London. 113: 55–110.
  21. Frost, S.W. (1936). "New Central American Agromyzidae". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 29: 298–318.
  22. Spencer, K.A. (1977). "Notes on world Agromyzidae (Diptera), with the description of 16 new species". Beiträge zur Entomologie. 27: 233–254.
  23. Sehgal, V.K. (1968). "Descriptions of new species of flies of the family Agromyzidae from Alberta, Canada (Diptera)". Quaestiones Entomologicae. 4: 57–88.
  24. Spencer, K.A. (1959). "A synopsis of the Ethiopian Agromyzidae (Diptera)". Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London. 111: 237–329.
  25. Spencer, K.A. (1966). "Notes on the Oriental Agromyzidae - 4". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. 147: 15 pp.
  26. Cerný, M. (2011). "Agromyzidae (Diptera) in the vicinity of the Kerkini Lake with descriptions of eight new species from Greece". Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae. 51 (1): 299–347.
  27. Sasakawa, M. (2005). "The Neotropical Agromyzidae (Insecta: Diptera), Part 6. New or little-known species from El Salvador and Guatemala". Species Diversity. 10: 151–169.
  28. Sasakawa, M. (1994). "Notes on the Japanese Agromyzidae (Diptera), 4. Two cambium borers of the genus Phytobia". Special Bulletin of the Essa Entomological Society. 2: 335–338.
  29. Spencer, K.A. (1963). "The Australian Agromyzidae (Diptera, Insecta)". Records of the Australian Museum. 25: 305–354.
  30. Malloch, J.R. (1918). "A partial key to species of the genus Agromyza (Diptera). Second Paper". The Canadian Entomologist. 50: 130–132.
  31. Spencer, K.A. (1966). "Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the Bismarck Archipelago, with an appendix on some related species from the Oriental Region". Entomologisk Meddelelser. 34: 489–520.
  32. Hendel, F. (1927). "Beiträge zur Systematik der Agromyziden. [10. Beitrag zur Blattminenkunde Europas.]". Zoologischer Anzeiger. 69: 248–271.
  33. Spencer, K.A. (1966). "Notes on the Neotropical Agromyzidae (Diptera). 1". Papeis Avulsos. 19: 141–150.
  34. Sasakawa, M. (1955). "New Agromyzidae from Japan, X. Species of the genus Phytomyza". Scientific Reports of the Saikyo University, Agriculture. 7: 62–72.
  35. Sasakawa, M.; Tho, Y.P. (1988). "Agromyzidae of Malaysia (Part 1)". Kontyû. 56 (4): 853–866.
  36. Hendel, F. (1920). "Die palaarktischen Agromyziden (Dipt.). (Prodromus einer Monographie)". Archiv für Naturgeschichte (A). (1918) 84 (7): 109–174, 1 pl.
  37. Spencer, K.A. (1962). "Notes on the Oriental Agromyzidae (Diptera).-1". Pacific Insects. 4: 661–680.
  38. Hendel, F. (1924). "Acht neue europäische Agromyziden (Dipt.)". Konowia. 3: 140-148.
  39. Spencer, K.A.; Stegmaier, C.E. (1973). "Agromyzidae of Florida with a supplement on species from the Caribbean". Arthropods Florida. 7: iv + 205 pp.
  40. Sasakawa, M. (1992). "The Neotropical Agromyzidae (Diptera). Part 4. New or little-known species from Peru, Venezuela, Brazil and Bolivia". Reports of the Kyoto Prefectural University, Agriculture. 44: 1–33.
  41. Spencer, K.A. (1977). "Agromyzidae in New Guinea". Pacific Insects. 17: 339–369.
  42. Brischke, C.G.A. (1881). "Die Blattminierer in Danzig's Umgebung". Schr. Naturf. Ges. Danzig (N. S.). 5: 233–290.
  43. Malloch, J.R. (1914). "Formosan Agromyzidae". Annales Historica-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici. 12: 306–336.
  44. Spencer, K.A.; Steyskal, G.C. (1986). "Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States". Agriculture handbook (United States. Department of Agriculture). 638: vi + 478 pp. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  45. Coquillett, D.W. (1902). "New acalyptrate Diptera from North America". Journal of the New York Entomological Society. 10: 177–191. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
  46. Zlobin, V.V. (2008). "Review of the mining flies of the genus Phytobia Lioy (Diptera: Agromyzidae): Western Palaearctic species". Zootaxa. 1725: 61–66.
  47. Spencer, K.A. (1989). "Family Agromyzidae. In: Evenhuis, N.L. (ed.), Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions". Bishop Museum Special Publication. 86: 538–547.
  48. Loew, H. (1869). "Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria octava". Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift. 13: 1–52. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
  49. Malloch, J.R. . (1913). "A revision of the species in Agromyza Fallen, and Cerodontha Rondani (Diptera)". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 6: 269–336. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
  50. Schiner, I.R. (1868). Diptera. vi In [Wullerstorf-Urbair, B. von (in charge)], Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara. Zool. 2(1)B. Wien: K. Gerold's Sohn. pp. 388pp., 4 pls.
  51. Chen, X.L.; Wang, X.J. (2008). "A new species of the genus Nemorimyza Frey (Diptera, Agromyzidae) from China". Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica. 33: 77–79.


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