Portal:Croatia

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Welcome to the Croatia Portal!
Dobro došli na hrvatski portal!

Croatia (/kroʊˈeɪʃə/ , kroh-AY-shə; Croatian: Hrvatska, pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː]), officially the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Republika Hrvatska ), is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe. Its coast lies entirely on the Adriatic Sea. Croatia borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Italy to the west. Its capital and largest city, Zagreb, forms one of the country's primary subdivisions, with twenty counties. Other major urban centers include Split, Rijeka and Osijek. The country spans 56,594 square kilometres (21,851 square miles), and has a population of nearly 3.9 million.

The Croats arrived in modern-day Croatia in the late 6th century, then part of Roman Illyria. By the 7th century, they had organized the territory into two duchies. Croatia was first internationally recognized as independent on 7 June 879 during the reign of Duke Branimir. Tomislav became the first king by 925, elevating Croatia to the status of a kingdom. During the succession crisis after the Trpimirović dynasty ended, Croatia entered a personal union with Hungary in 1102. In 1527, faced with Ottoman conquest, the Croatian Parliament elected Ferdinand I of Austria to the Croatian throne. In October 1918, the State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs, independent from Austria-Hungary, was proclaimed in Zagreb, and in December 1918, it merged into the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Following the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, most of Croatia was incorporated into a Nazi-installed puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia. A resistance movement led to the creation of the Socialist Republic of Croatia, which after the war became a founding member and constituent of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. On 25 June 1991, Croatia declared independence, and the War of Independence was successfully fought over the next four years.

Croatia is a republic and a parliamentary liberal democracy. It is a member of the European Union, the Eurozone, the Schengen Area, NATO, the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the OSCE, the World Trade Organization, a founding member of the Union for the Mediterranean, and is currently in the process of joining the OECD. An active participant in United Nations peacekeeping, Croatia contributed troops to the International Security Assistance Force and was elected to fill a non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council in the 2008–2009 term for the first time.

Croatia is a developed country with an advanced high-income economy and ranks highly in the Human Development Index. Service, industrial sectors, and agriculture dominate the economy. Tourism is a significant source of revenue for the country, with nearly 20 million tourist arrivals as of 2019. Since the 2000s, the Croatian government has heavily invested in infrastructure, especially transport routes and facilities along the Pan-European corridors. Croatia has also positioned itself as a regional energy leader in the early 2020s and is contributing to the diversification of Europe's energy supply via its floating liquefied natural gas import terminal off Krk island, LNG Hrvatska. Croatia provides social security, universal health care, and tuition-free primary and secondary education while supporting culture through public institutions and corporate investments in media and publishing. (Full article...)

Recognized content -

Entries here consist of Good and Featured articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards.

Battle of Lissa, 13 March 1811, Nicholas Pocock

The Battle of Lissa, also known as the Battle of Vis (French: Bataille de Lissa; Italian: Battaglia di Lissa; Croatian: Viška bitka), was a naval action fought between a British frigate squadron and a much larger squadron of French and Italian frigates and smaller vessels on Wednesday, 13 March on 1811 during the Adriatic campaign of the Napoleonic Wars. The engagement was fought in the Adriatic Sea for possession of the strategically important Croatian island of Vis (Lissa in Italian), from which the British squadron had been disrupting French shipping in the Adriatic. The French needed to control the Adriatic to supply a growing army in the Illyrian Provinces, and consequently dispatched an invasion force in March 1811 consisting of six frigates, numerous smaller craft and a battalion of Italian soldiers.

The French invasion force under Bernard Dubourdieu was met by Captain William Hoste and his four ships based on the island. In the subsequent battle, Hoste sank the French flagship, captured two others, and scattered the remainder of the Franco-Venetian squadron. The battle has been hailed as an important British victory, due to both the disparity between the forces and the signal raised by Hoste, a former subordinate of Horatio Nelson. Hoste had raised the message "Remember Nelson" as the French bore down, and had then manoeuvred to drive Dubourdieu's flagship ashore and scatter his squadron in what has been described as "one of the most brilliant naval achievements of the war". (Full article...)

List of recognized articles

Did you know (auto-generated)

... that you can watch frogs playing poker in Split, Croatia?
... that Lovro Šitović, a 17th-century Croatian Franciscan friar who wrote a Latin grammar, was a convert from Islam?
... that Tin Srbić was the first Croatian to win a gold medal at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships?
... that ownership of the sail training ship Jadran is disputed between Croatia and Montenegro?
... that during the production of Serious Sam: The First Encounter, all of its developers were conscripted into the Croatian military?

General images

The following are images from various Croatia-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Pelješac Bridge in June 2022. (from History of Croatia)
Image 2Josip Broz Tito led Yugoslavia from 1944 to 1980; Pictured: Tito with the US president Richard Nixon in the White House, 1971 (from Croatia)
Image 3Bora is a dry, cold wind which blows from the mainland out to sea, whose gusts can reach hurricane strength, particularly in the channel below Velebit, largest mountain range in Croatia. On the picture: the northern part of the Velebit channel. (from Croatia)
Image 4Cremeschnitte of Samobor (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 5A visit of Austro-Hungarian emperor Franz Joseph to Zagreb in 1895, where he officially opened the Croatian National Theatre building. (from History of Croatia)
Image 6The Law Code of Vinodol from 1288, written in Glagolitic script, is the earliest legal text written in the Croatian language. This code regulated relations between inhabitants of the town of Vinodol and their overlords, the counts of Krk. (from History of Croatia)
Image 7Trtar-Krtolin Wind Farm near Šibenik, Šibenik-Knin County. (from Croatia)
Image 8Dubrovnik is one of Croatia's most popular tourist destinations (from Croatia)
Image 9Landscapes of the west coast of the Istrian peninsula (from Croatia)
Image 10Klis Fortress in the hinterland of town of Split was one of the places that saw action during the First Mongol invasion of Hungary in 1242. (from History of Croatia)
Image 11Plitvice Lakes, IUCN Category II (National Park) (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 12Self-portrait with Dog (Autoportret sa psom) by Miroslav Kraljević (1910) Modern Gallery, Zagreb (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 13The woodcut by Leonhard Beck, from c. 1515, depicts the Battle of Krbava Field between the Army of Croatian nobility and Ottoman akinjis. (from History of Croatia)
Image 14Ban Josip Jelačić at the opening of the first Croatian civic Parliament (Sabor) whose deputies were elected on 5 June 1848. In earlier Sabors, members represented feudal estates rather than citizens. The Croatian tricolor flag can also be seen in the background. Dragutin Weingärtner, 1885. (from History of Croatia)
Image 15Pluteus with the figure of king from 11th century, found in Hollow Church in Solin is thought to most likely depict a King of Croatia, probably Petar Krešimir IV or Demetrius Zvonimir. Above the sculpture, Croatian interlace can also be seen, which is a common feature of Croatian pre-romanesque art. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 16Croatia became the 28th EU member country on 1 July 2013 (from Croatia)
Image 17Zagorski štrukli (from Croatia)
Image 18The Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia was an autonomous kingdom within Austria-Hungary created in 1868 following the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement (from Croatia)
Image 19University Hospital Centre Zagreb is the largest hospital in Croatia and the teaching hospital of the University of Zagreb (from Croatia)
Image 20Kingdom of Croatia c. 925, during the reign of King Tomislav (from Croatia)
Image 21People of Zagreb celebrating liberation on 12 May 1945 by Croatian Partisans (from Croatia)
Image 22National Memorial Cemetery of The Victims of Homeland War in Vukovar, the central place of holding the National Remembrance Day, public holiday on November 18, for all the victims of the war in Croatia and the Vukovar massacre, one of the symbolic and crucial events in the Croatian War of Independence 1991. (from Croatia)
Image 23The assassination of Croatian MPs in the National Assembly in Belgrade was one of the events which greatly damaged relations between Serbs and Croats in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. (from History of Croatia)
Image 24Baška Tablet (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 25Croatian borders similar to those established with the Peace of Karlowitz in 1699. Although the peace treaty meant relief from Ottoman pressure, Croatia lost the compactness of its territory. (from History of Croatia)
Image 26Iapodic headwear and other material culture from Gacka valley, Croatia. (from History of Croatia)
Image 27Sinjska alka (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 28Interior of the Croatian National Theatre, Zagreb (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 29Varaždin, capital of Croatia between 1767 and 1776, is the seat of Varaždin county; Pictured: Old Town fortress, one of 15 Croatia's sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage tentative list (from Croatia)
Image 30Croatian musical diva Josipa Lisac. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 31President Zoran Milanović at the NATO summit on 11 July 2023, Vilnius, Lithuania (from Croatia)
Image 32On January 1, 2023, Croatia joined the eurozone, replacing Croatian kuna with euro as its national currency (from Croatia)
Image 33Cardinal Aloysius Stepinac with the Croatian communist leader Vladimir Bakarić at the celebration of May Day, shortly before Stepinac was arrested and convicted by the communists. (from Croatia)
Image 34The 1835 issue of the magazine Danicza, with lyrics of what would later become the Croatian national anthem "Lijepa naša domovino" ("Our Beautiful Homeland"). (from History of Croatia)
Image 35Proclamation of severing ties with Austria-Hungary in front of Croatian Sabor in 1918. (from History of Croatia)
Image 36Pelješac Bridge connects the peninsula of Pelješac and through it the southernmost part, including Dubrovnik, with the Croatian mainland (from Croatia)
Image 37The climax of Hasan Pasha's Great Offensive was third Battle of Sisak on 22 June 1593. The battle is depicted here by Johann Weikhard von Valvasor. (from History of Croatia)
Image 38A border marking of Illyrian Provinces on Sava river shores in modern-day Zagreb. (from History of Croatia)
Image 39Poglavnik of the Independent State of Croatia, Ante Pavelić, shakes hands with Adolf Hitler in 1941. (from History of Croatia)
Image 40Novigrad Castle, near Zadar was a place where anti-court supporters held queens Mary and Elizabeth in captivity. Velebit mountain can be seen in castle's background. (from History of Croatia)
Image 41Traditional Croatian musicians playing violins (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 42Ban Josip Jelačić at the opening of the first modern Croatian Parliament (Sabor), June 5, 1848. The Croatian tricolour flag can be seen in the background. (from Croatia)
Image 43Croatian soldiers raising the flag on the Knin fortress at a commemoration of the Operation Storm, the Croatian military action which liberated occupied Croatian territories in 1995. (from Croatia)
Image 44Cathedral of St Stephen in Zagreb, the capital of Croatia, the 14th century interior (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 45University of Zadar, 1396, Croatia's oldest university (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 46A chair designed by Bernardo Bernardi in 1956. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 47Portrait of a Roman woman, found in Solin (Salona), Croatia. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 48Fans on Poljud stadium during Croatia's biggest football derby between Hajduk Split and Dinamo Zagreb. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 49Clockwise from top left: The central street of Dubrovnik, the Stradun, in ruins during the Siege of Dubrovnik; the damaged Vukovar water tower, a symbol of the early conflict, flying the Croatian tricolor; soldiers of the Croatian Army getting ready to destroy a Serbian tank; the Vukovar Memorial Cemetery; a Serbian T-55 tank destroyed on the road to Drniš (from History of Croatia)
Image 50Portal of the Trogir cathedral by sculptor Radovan, c. 1240 (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 51Croatia is one of the most successful water polo nations. National water polo team has won three world championships, Melbourne 2007, Budapest 2017 and Doha 2024. (from Croatia)
Image 52Fascist leaders of Nazi Germany and its puppet state Independent State of Croatia, Adolf Hitler and Ante Pavelić, meeting in Berghof outside Berchtesgaden, Germany, 1941 (from Croatia)
Image 53One of the seats of 14th-century magnate Paul Šubić, in Bribir. Paul held the hereditary titles of the Ban of Croatia and Lord of Bosnia. Croatian historians sometimes refer to Paul as "the uncrowned king of Croatia". (from History of Croatia)
Image 54Pula Film Festival is held each year during summer. Its main stage is Roman amphitheatre in Pula. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 55Croatia in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (from History of Croatia)
Image 56Coat of arms of the Socialist Republic of Croatia (from History of Croatia)
Image 57Tounj bridge on Jozephina road (from History of Croatia)
Image 58Marko Marulić (18 August 1450 – 5 January 1524), Croatian poet, lawyer, judge, and Renaissance humanist who coined the term "psychology". He is the national poet of Croatia. (from Croatia)
Image 59The Baška tablet is the oldest Glagolitic monument in Croatia. It documents the donation of land gifted by Croatian King Dmitar Zvonimir to the Benedictine monastery of St Lucy. (from Croatia)
Image 60Croatian writer Ivana Brlić - Mažuranić most known for her popular children's novel The Marvellous Adventures of Lapich the Apprentice (Croatian: Čudnovate zgode šegrta Hlapića) (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 61Franjo Tuđman, the 1st president of the modern independent Republic of Croatia (from History of Croatia)
Image 62Arena Zagreb. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 63Late 9th century Church of Holy Salvation, built at the time of duke Branimir of Croatia. (from History of Croatia)
Image 64The Split pluteus with the figure of a king, dating from the 11th century. It is hypothesized to depict a Croatian king, probably Petar Krešimir IV or Zvonimir. It was originally situated in Hollow Church. (from History of Croatia)
Image 65Šibenik Cathedral, since 2000 on the UNESCO World Heritage List (from Croatia)
Image 66The historic centre of Trogir has been included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Site since 1997 (from Croatia)
Image 67The flag of Croatia was hoisted together with the flag of Europe on the building of the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs in Zagreb as a symbol of Croatia's membership in both the Council of Europe and the European Union (from History of Croatia)
Image 68A map of 10th-century Croatian counties (županije), as they were mentioned in De Administrando Imperio. The counties marked in blue, represent the territories governed by the Croatian Ban. (from History of Croatia)
Image 69Coronation of King Tomislav by Oton Iveković (from Croatia)
Image 70Flag of the Independent State of Croatia (from History of Croatia)
Image 71A man wearing Lika cap. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 72Satellite image of Croatia (from Croatia)
Image 73Architecture of Old Town in Dubrovnik (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 74Vineyard in Hrvatsko Zagorje. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 75Plitvice Lakes National Park (from Croatia)
Image 76Ozalj Castle - one of Zrinski-Frankopan conspirators center and a center of Ozalj literary-linguistic circle which produced Croatian baroque literature such as: Putni tovaruš, Gazophylacium or Gartlic za čas kratiti. (from History of Croatia)
Image 77Zlatni Rat beach on the Island of Brač is one of the foremost spots of tourism in Croatia. (from Croatia)
Image 78Telašćica Nature Park (from Croatia)
Image 79Croatians in a caffe bar on Petar Preradović Square, also known as "Flowers Square" (Cvjetni trg), in Zagreb (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 80Vučedol dove - the most famous piece of bronze age Vučedol culture. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 81"Remnants of the Remnants" (Reliquiae Reliquiarum), shown on this map in yellow, represent the territory under the jurisdiction of Croatian-Slavonian Sabor at the height of the Ottoman advance (from History of Croatia)
Image 82A map of the Istrian peninsula from the Roman map Tabula Peutingeriana, made sometime in the 4th century (from History of Croatia)
Image 83Croatia national football team came in second at the 2018 World Cup in Russia. (from Croatia)
Image 84A tower on top of Croatian Radiotelevision (HRT) building in Zagreb neighbourhood of Prisavlje. (from Culture of Croatia)
Image 85Radio Zagreb, now a part of Croatian national public broadcasting company, Croatian Radiotelevision, was the first public radio station in Southeast Europe. (from Croatia)
Image 86A 16th century depiction of Vrana monastery, seat of John of Palisna. (from History of Croatia)
Image 87Croatian Dassault Rafale fighter, 191 Squadron of the Croatian Air Force (from Croatia)
Image 88Danube river, eastern Slavonia (from Croatia)
Image 89Two parts of the Triune Kingdom: Croatia-Slavonia (number 17) and Dalmatia (number 5) within Austria-Hungary (from History of Croatia)
Image 90Savka Dabčević-Kučar, Croatian Spring participant; Europe's first female prime minister (from History of Croatia)

Selected biography -

Elkasević at the 2018 European Athletics Championships in Berlin

Sandra Elkasević (née Perković; born 21 June 1990) is a Croatian discus thrower. She is a two-time Olympic (2012 London, 2016 Rio) and world (2013, 2017) champion and a record seven-time European champion (2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022, 2024) which no other female athlete achieved. She is also a seven-time Diamond League winner, prevailing in 46 circuit's meetings.

Elkasević culminated her successful junior career by winning gold at the 2009 European Junior Championships with a new national record. A month later, she made the final of the World Championships as the youngest discus thrower in the field. (Full article...)

List of selected biographies
Juan Bielovucic Zdenko Blažeković Mladen Lorković Matthias Corvinus Nikola Tesla Vedran Ćorluka Ivo Josipović Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović Lisa Nemec Jasna Omejec Luka Modrić Josip Jelačić

Selected geography article -

Grič Tunnel (Croatian: Tunel Grič) is a pedestrian tunnel located in the city centre of Zagreb, Croatia, under the historic neighbourhood of Grič (also called Gradec or Gornji Grad), which gave the tunnel its name. The tunnel consists of a central hall, which is connected by two passageways to Mesnička Street in the west and Stjepan Radić Street in the east, and four passageways extending to the south. It was built during World War II by the Ustaše government to serve both as a bomb shelter and a promenade, but following the war it quickly fell into disrepair and disuse. The tunnel saw renewed use only in the 1990s, hosting one of the first raves in Croatia, and functioning as a shelter during the Croatian War of Independence. In 2016, the tunnel was remodeled and opened to the public, serving as a tourist attraction and hosting cultural events. Planned expansions include a museum and a lift. (Full article...)

List of selected geography articles
D21 road (Croatia) A1 (Croatia) List of inhabited islands of Croatia Slavonia Zaprešić Sava Croatian Littoral Dubrovnik

More did you know -

...that Trsteno Arboretum, founded in 1498, is the oldest arboretum in the world?

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Selected monthly picture

Hvar (local Croatian dialect: Hvor or For, Greek: Pharos, Latin: Pharina, Italian: Lesina) is a town on the eponymous island of Hvar in Dalmatia, Croatia. The municipality has a population of 4,138 (2001) while the city itself is inhabited by 3,672 people, making it the largest settlement on the island of Hvar.

The town's harbour provided a suitable location for a port, being geographically ideal and also protected by islands, making it a safe haven for boats hiding from hazardous winds.

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