Solar eclipse of May 11, 2078

A total solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Wednesday, May 11, 2078, with a magnitude of 1.0701. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide.

Solar eclipse of May 11, 2078
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma0.1838
Magnitude1.0701
Maximum eclipse
Duration340 s (5 min 40 s)
Coordinates28.1°N 93.7°W / 28.1; -93.7
Max. width of band232 km (144 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse17:56:55
References
Saros139 (33 of 71)
Catalog # (SE5000)9683

Path description

The path of totality will begin over the Pacific Ocean near Caroline Island, Kiribati. From there, it will track northeast towards North America, making landfall on the Mexican coast. In Mexico, totality will be visible in the cities of Manzanillo, Guadalajara, Aguascalientes, Zacatecas, San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Victoria, and Matamoros, Tamaulipas. The path then briefly crosses into the United States in southern Texas, including McAllen and Brownsville before crossing the Gulf of Mexico. It then re-enters the United States, passing through Louisiana (including New Orleans and Baton Rouge), Mississippi (including Biloxi), Alabama (including Mobile and Montgomery), far northwestern Florida, Georgia (including Atlanta, Athens, and Augusta), South Carolina (including Columbia and Greenville), North Carolina (including Charlotte and Raleigh), and Virginia (including Virginia Beach). It then passes over the Atlantic Ocean and ends near the Canary Islands.[1]


Eclipses in 2078
  • A penumbral lunar eclipse on April 27, 2078.
  • A total solar eclipse on May 11, 2078.
  • A penumbral lunar eclipse on October 21, 2078.
  • An annular solar eclipse on November 4, 2078.
  • A penumbral lunar eclipse on November 19, 2078.

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 139

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 2076–2079

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[2]

Solar eclipse series sets from 2076 to 2079
Ascending node   Descending node
SarosMap SarosMap
119June 1, 2076

Partial		 124November 26, 2076

Partial
129May 22, 2077

Total		 134November 15, 2077

Annular
139May 11, 2078

Total		 144November 4, 2078

Annular
149May 1, 2079

Total		 154October 24, 2079

Annular

Saros 139

This eclipse is a member of saros series 139, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, 8 hours, containing 71 events. The series started with partial solar eclipse on May 17, 1501. It contains hybrid eclipses on August 11, 1627, through to December 9, 1825; and total eclipses from December 21, 1843, through to March 26, 2601. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on July 3, 2763. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The solar eclipse of June 13, 2132, will be the longest total solar eclipse since July 11, 1991, at 6 minutes, 55.02 seconds.

The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 39 at 7 minutes, 29.22 seconds on July 16, 2186.[3] After that date, the durations of totality will decrease until the series ends. This date is the longest solar eclipse computed between 4000 BC and AD 6000.[4] Saros series eclipses occur during the Moon's ascending node (a term related to our equator and polar-naming conventions).

Series members 24–45 occur between 1901 and 2300
24 25 26

February 3, 1916
February 14, 1934
February 25, 1952
27 28 29

March 7, 1970
March 18, 1988
March 29, 2006
30 31 32

April 8, 2024
April 20, 2042
April 30, 2060
33 34 35

May 11, 2078
May 22, 2096
June 3, 2114
36 37 38

June 13, 2132
June 25, 2150
July 5, 2168
39 40 41

July 16, 2186
July 27, 2204
August 8, 2222
42 43 44

August 18, 2240
August 29, 2258
September 9, 2276
45

September 20, 2294

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings. In the 18th century:

  • Solar Saros 127: Total Solar Eclipse of 1731 Jan 08
  • Solar Saros 128: Annular Solar Eclipse of 1759 Dec 19
  • Solar Saros 129: Annular Solar Eclipse of 1788 Nov 27
Inex series members between 1801 and 2200:
Near lunar perigee After lunar apogee
Before lunar perigee		 Before lunar apogee
After lunar perigee

November 9, 1817
(Saros 130)
October 20, 1846
(Saros 131)
September 29, 1875
(Saros 132)

September 9, 1904
(Saros 133)
August 21, 1933
(Saros 134)
July 31, 1962
(Saros 135)

July 11, 1991
(Saros 136)
June 21, 2020
(Saros 137)
May 31, 2049
(Saros 138)

May 11, 2078
(Saros 139)
April 23, 2107
(Saros 140)
April 1, 2136
(Saros 141)

March 12, 2165
(Saros 142)
February 21, 2194
(Saros 143)

In the 23rd century:

  • Solar Saros 144: Annular Solar Eclipse of 2223 Feb 01
  • Solar Saros 145: Total Solar Eclipse of 2252 Jan 12
  • Solar Saros 146: Annular Solar Eclipse of 2280 Dec 22

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Notes
  1. "2078 May 11 Total Solar Eclipse - Interactive Google Map". Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  2. van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  3. Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses NASA Eclipse Web Site.
  4. Ten Millennium Catalog of Long Solar Eclipses, −3999 to +6000 (4000 BCE to 6000 CE) Fred Espenak.

References
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